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Association between plaque vulnerability and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) levels: The Plaque At RISK study

Author

Listed:
  • Judith J de Vries
  • Anouchska S A Autar
  • Dianne H K van Dam-Nolen
  • Samantha J Donkel
  • Mohamed Kassem
  • Anja G van der Kolk
  • Twan J van Velzen
  • M Eline Kooi
  • Jeroen Hendrikse
  • Paul J Nederkoorn
  • Daniel Bos
  • Aad van der Lugt
  • Moniek P M de Maat
  • Heleen M M van Beusekom

Abstract

Carotid atherosclerotic plaque rupture and its sequelae are among the leading causes of acute ischemic stroke. The risk of rupture and subsequent thrombosis is, among others, determined by vulnerable plaque characteristics and linked to activation of the immune system, in which neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) potentially play a role. The aim of this study was to investigate how plaque vulnerability is associated with NETs levels. We included 182 patients from the Plaque At RISK (PARISK) study in whom carotid imaging was performed to measure plaque ulceration, fibrous cap integrity, intraplaque hemorrhage, lipid-rich necrotic core, calcifications and plaque volume. Principal component analysis generated a ‘vulnerability index’ comprising all plaque characteristics. Levels of the NETs marker myeloperoxidase-DNA complex were measured in patient plasma. The association between the vulnerability index and low or high NETs levels (dependent variable) was assessed by logistic regression. No significant association between the vulnerability index and NETs levels was detected in the total population (odds ratio 1.28, 95% confidence interval 0.90–1.83, p = 0.18). However, in the subgroup of patients naive to statins or antithrombotic medication prior to the index event, this association was statistically significant (odds ratio 2.08, 95% confidence interval 1.04–4.17, p = 0.04). Further analyses revealed that this positive association was mainly driven by intraplaque hemorrhage, lipid-rich necrotic core and ulceration. In conclusion, plaque vulnerability is positively associated with plasma levels of NETs, but only in patients naive to statins or antithrombotic medication prior to the index event.

Suggested Citation

  • Judith J de Vries & Anouchska S A Autar & Dianne H K van Dam-Nolen & Samantha J Donkel & Mohamed Kassem & Anja G van der Kolk & Twan J van Velzen & M Eline Kooi & Jeroen Hendrikse & Paul J Nederkoorn , 2022. "Association between plaque vulnerability and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) levels: The Plaque At RISK study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(6), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0269805
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269805
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Li, Baibing & Martin, Elaine B. & Morris, A. Julian, 2002. "On principal component analysis in L1," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 40(3), pages 471-474, September.
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