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Exploration of the factors related to self-efficacy among psychiatric nurses

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  • Hironori Yada
  • Hiroshi Abe
  • Ryo Odachi
  • Keiichiro Adachi

Abstract

The average length of hospital stay in the psychiatric ward is longer, and the risk of patient-to-nurse violence is higher than that in other departments. Therefore, psychiatric nurses’ work environment may differ from that of other nurses. The factors related to psychiatric nurses’ self-efficacy may also differ from those of general workers or other nurses. Mental health care that considers the characteristics of psychiatric nurses requires exploration of self-efficacy unique to psychiatric nurses. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the distinct factors related to psychiatric nurses’ self-efficacy. The developed 24 items related to improvement in self-efficacy and 25 items related to decrease in self-efficacy were examined. The Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale was used to measure the validity of the factors. To extract the factors of self-efficacy, data from 132 nurses and assistant nurses who provided informed consent were analyzed, and the reliability and validity of the factors were calculated. The factors associated with improvement in self-efficacy were “Positive reactions by patients,” “Ability to positively change nurse-patient relationship,” and “Practicability of appropriate nursing.” The factors associated with decrease in self-efficacy were “Uncertainty in psychiatric nursing” and “Nurses’ role loss.” The Cronbach’s α for all factors exceeded .70. Of the five factors, four had significant weak-to-moderate correlations with the Japanese version of the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale; therefore, the validity was quantitatively confirmed with four factors. Interventions based on these four factors may improve psychiatric nurses’ self-efficacy. Additionally, it is possible that this tool assesses the unique facets of self-efficacy rather than psychiatric nurses’ general self-efficacy. Interventions to improve psychiatric nurses’ self-efficacy based on the characteristics of psychiatry are needed.

Suggested Citation

  • Hironori Yada & Hiroshi Abe & Ryo Odachi & Keiichiro Adachi, 2020. "Exploration of the factors related to self-efficacy among psychiatric nurses," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(4), pages 1-11, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0230740
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230740
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Henry Kaiser, 1974. "An index of factorial simplicity," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 39(1), pages 31-36, March.
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