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An analysis on rational use and affordability of medicine after the implementation of National Essential Medicines Policy and Zero Mark-up Policy in Hangzhou, China

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  • Wenhui Mao
  • Yunyu Huang
  • Wen Chen

Abstract

Background: The National Essential Medicine Policy and the Zero Mark-up Policy was introduced to improve the rational use and affordability of medicine. This study analyzed the changes of medicine use at different Health Care Institutions in Hangzhou city after the implementation of National Essential Medicine Policy and the Zero Mark-up Policy. Methods: Facility based survey was conducted in 17 Health Care Institutions and 16406 outpatient prescriptions in 2011 and 2013 were collected. Average number of medicines, average number of antibiotics and average expenditure per prescription were analyzed. Comparisons between 2011 and 2013, among different levels of Health Care Institutions and age groups were conducted. Results: The average number of medicines per prescription, use of antibiotics, intramuscular (IM) injections and intravenous (IV) injections decreased while the use of hormones increased. No significant change of the average medicine expenditure per prescription was observed. Disparities among different levels of Health Care Institutions and different age groups existed. Conclusion: The problems of poly-pharmacy, overuse of antibiotics, intramuscular (IM) injections and intravenous (IV) injections and hormones still existed, however mitigated after the implementation of The National Essential Medicine Policy and the Zero Mark-up Policy.

Suggested Citation

  • Wenhui Mao & Yunyu Huang & Wen Chen, 2019. "An analysis on rational use and affordability of medicine after the implementation of National Essential Medicines Policy and Zero Mark-up Policy in Hangzhou, China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(3), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0213638
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213638
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Karen Eggleston & Li Ling & Meng Qingyue & Magnus Lindelow & Adam Wagstaff, 2008. "Health service delivery in China: a literature review," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(2), pages 149-165, February.
    2. Wenhui Mao & Huyen Vu & Zening Xie & Wen Chen & Shenglan Tang, 2015. "Systematic Review on Irrational Use of Medicines in China and Vietnam," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Mingsheng Chen & Lijie Wang & Wen Chen & Luying Zhang & Hongli Jiang & Wenhui Mao, 2014. "Does Economic Incentive Matter for Rational Use of Medicine? China’s Experience from the Essential Medicines Program," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 32(3), pages 245-255, March.
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