IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/pal/jorapm/v24y2025i1d10.1057_s41272-023-00471-5.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Price optimization for manufacturers in a competitive retail market: imported products and online crowdfunding option

Author

Listed:
  • Seyed Parsa Parvasi

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Ata Allah Taleizadeh

    (University of Tehran)

  • Park Thaichon

    (University of Southern Queensland)

Abstract

This study explores how manufacturers in the competitive supply chain can set prices and secure funding effectively. We use game theory to look at how competition between domestic and foreign manufacturers affects pricing decisions. Our research investigates how a domestic manufacturer can improve its market share by addressing financial challenges through modern financing methods. In this scenario, a domestic manufacturer competes with a foreign one to attract a retailer’s market share and profits. The retailer decides what products to buy and how to price them based on bid prices and demand. We also consider that the domestic manufacturer will use online crowdfunding platforms to tackle its financial problem. Hence, our study sets up a supply chain where competition revolves around both operational and financial decisions. Mathematical models are developed to analyze how costs, finances, market potential, and price sensitivity impact various parts of the supply chain. The results reveal that decisions made on the crowdfunding platform significantly influence other supply chain decisions. Manufacturers and retailers need to pay attention to the financial decisions made on this platform to maximize profits. Also, domestic and foreign manufacturers should consider customer preferences for their products when setting prices. Finally, the results demonstrate that a domestic manufacturer can gain a competitive edge in the retail market by carefully considering both product pricing and financial decisions, including those made on the lending platform.

Suggested Citation

  • Seyed Parsa Parvasi & Ata Allah Taleizadeh & Park Thaichon, 2025. "Price optimization for manufacturers in a competitive retail market: imported products and online crowdfunding option," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 24(1), pages 12-29, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:jorapm:v:24:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1057_s41272-023-00471-5
    DOI: 10.1057/s41272-023-00471-5
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1057/s41272-023-00471-5
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1057/s41272-023-00471-5?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. W. Erno Kuiper & Matthew T.G. Meulenberg, 2005. "Determining the causality between retail price and consumer demand in a linear function when demand-shift variables are missing but wholesale prices are available," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(2), pages 167-176.
    2. Guo, Yanhong & Zhou, Wenjun & Luo, Chunyu & Liu, Chuanren & Xiong, Hui, 2016. "Instance-based credit risk assessment for investment decisions in P2P lending," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 249(2), pages 417-426.
    3. Robert L. Breitman & John M. Lucas, 1987. "PLANETS: A Modeling System for Business Planning," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 17(1), pages 94-106, February.
    4. Anna Nagurney & Dong Li, 2015. "A supply chain network game theory model with product differentiation, outsourcing of production and distribution, and quality and price competition," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 226(1), pages 479-503, March.
    5. Minaee, Mohammadreza & Elahi, Shaban & Majidpour, Mehdi & Manteghi, Manoochehr, 2021. "Lessons learned from an unsuccessful “catching-up” in the automobile industry of Iran," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    6. Malekian, Yaser & Rasti-Barzoki, Morteza, 2019. "A game theoretic approach to coordinate price promotion and advertising policies with reference price effects in a two-echelon supply chain," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 114-128.
    7. Ian Yeoman, 2022. "Ukraine, price and inflation," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(3), pages 253-254, June.
    8. Juan M. C. Larrosa & Victoria Giordano & Gonzalo R. Ramírez Muñoz de Toro & Juan I. Uriarte, 2022. "Marketing attributes in yogurt weekly pricing in Argentina," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(3), pages 332-343, June.
    9. Wu, Chengfeng & Liu, Xin & Li, Annan, 2021. "A loss-averse retailer–supplier supply chain model under trade credit in a supplier-Stackelberg game," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 353-365.
    10. Hodder, James E. & Jucker, James V., 1985. "International plant location under price and exchange rate uncertainty," Engineering Costs and Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 9(1-3), pages 225-229, April.
    11. Theoneste Manishimwe & Lukman Raimi & Chidnma Julius Azubuike, 2022. "Customer-centric influence of entrepreneurial marketing on business performance of hotels in Nigeria during the COVID-19 crisis," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(6), pages 668-683, December.
    12. Huang, Hongfu & He, Yong & Chen, Jing, 2019. "Competitive strategies and quality to counter parallel importation in global market," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 173-197.
    13. Sriram Dasu & José de la Torre, 1997. "Optimizing an International Network of Partially Owned Plants Under Conditions of Trade Liberalization," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 43(3), pages 313-333, March.
    14. Crespo Marquez, Adolfo & Bianchi, Carmine & Gupta, Jatinder N. D., 2004. "Operational and financial effectiveness of e-collaboration tools in supply chain integration," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 159(2), pages 348-363, December.
    15. S. Chan Choi, 1991. "Price Competition in a Channel Structure with a Common Retailer," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 10(4), pages 271-296.
    16. Theoneste Manishimwe & Lukman Raimi & Chidnma Julius Azubuike, 2022. "Correction to: Customer-centric influence of entrepreneurial marketing on business performance of hotels in Nigeria during the COVID-19 crisis," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(6), pages 684-684, December.
    17. Huan Tang, 2019. "Peer-to-Peer Lenders Versus Banks: Substitutes or Complements?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 32(5), pages 1900-1938.
    18. Gao, Guang-Xin & Fan, Zhi-Ping & Fang, Xin & Lim, Yun Fong, 2018. "Optimal Stackelberg strategies for financing a supply chain through online peer-to-peer lending," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 267(2), pages 585-597.
    19. Tiaojun Xiao & Yusen Xia & G. Zhang, 2014. "Strategic outsourcing decisions for manufacturers competing on product quality," IISE Transactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(4), pages 313-329.
    20. Wang, Chengfu & Fan, Xiaojun & Yin, Zhe, 2019. "Financing online retailers: Bank vs. electronic business platform, equilibrium, and coordinating strategy," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 276(1), pages 343-356.
    21. Zhen, Xueping & Shi, Dan & Li, Yongjian & Zhang, Chu, 2020. "Manufacturer’s financing strategy in a dual-channel supply chain: Third-party platform, bank, and retailer credit financing," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    22. Gandomi, Amir & Zolfaghari, Saeed, 2018. "To tier or not to tier: An analysis of multitier loyalty programs׳ optimality conditions," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 20-36.
    23. Huarng, Kun-Huang & Yu, Tiffany Hui-Kuang, 2020. "The impact of surge pricing on customer retention," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 175-180.
    24. Li, Wei & Chen, Jing, 2018. "Backward integration strategy in a retailer Stackelberg supply chain," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 118-130.
    25. Sodhi, ManMohan S. & Tang, Christopher S., 2009. "Modeling supply-chain planning under demand uncertainty using stochastic programming: A survey motivated by asset-liability management," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(2), pages 728-738, October.
    26. Panos Kouvelis & Wenhui Zhao, 2012. "Financing the Newsvendor: Supplier vs. Bank, and the Structure of Optimal Trade Credit Contracts," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 60(3), pages 566-580, June.
    27. Ata Allah Taleizadeh & Aria Zaker Safaei & Arijit Bhattacharya & Alireza Amjadian, 2022. "Online peer-to-peer lending platform and supply chain finance decisions and strategies," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 315(1), pages 397-427, August.
    28. Dixie Button, 2022. "Price sensitivities of the consumer in a tourist market," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(3), pages 291-298, June.
    29. Schaefers, Tobias & Leban, Marina & Vogt, Florian, 2022. "On-demand features: Consumer reactions to tangibility and pricing structure," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 751-761.
    30. Bruce C. Arntzen & Gerald G. Brown & Terry P. Harrison & Linda L. Trafton, 1995. "Global Supply Chain Management at Digital Equipment Corporation," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 25(1), pages 69-93, February.
    31. Chen, Jianxin & Zhang, Tonghua & Zhou, Yongwu, 2020. "Dynamics of a risk-averse newsvendor model with continuous-time delay in supply chain financing," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 133-148.
    32. Vidal, Carlos J. & Goetschalckx, Marc, 2001. "A global supply chain model with transfer pricing and transportation cost allocation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 129(1), pages 134-158, February.
    33. Wang, Limin & Song, Qiankun, 2020. "Pricing policies for dual-channel supply chain with green investment and sales effort under uncertain demand," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 79-93.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wang, Mengyue & Huang, Hongxuan, 2019. "The design of a flexible capital-constrained global supply chain by integrating operational and financial strategies," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 40-62.
    2. Ata Allah Taleizadeh & Aria Zaker Safaei & Arijit Bhattacharya & Alireza Amjadian, 2022. "Online peer-to-peer lending platform and supply chain finance decisions and strategies," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 315(1), pages 397-427, August.
    3. Guo, Penghui & Feng, Gengzhong & Wang, Kai & Hua, Jiawen, 2024. "Analysis of financing strategies for digital technology investment under privacy concerns and competition," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    4. Wang, Jing & Wang, Kai & Li, Xiang & Zhao, Ruiqing, 2022. "Suppliers’ trade credit strategies with transparent credit ratings: Null, exclusive, and nonchalant provision," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 297(1), pages 153-163.
    5. Qin, Juanjuan & Fu, Huiping & Wang, Ziping & Xia, Liangjie, 2021. "Financing and carbon emission reduction strategies of capital-constrained manufacturers in E-commerce supply chains," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    6. Ma, Cheng & Dai, Yuankang & Li, Zhongfei, 2022. "Financing format selection for electronic business platforms with a capital-constrained e-tailer," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    7. Wang, Chengfu & Chen, Xiangfeng & Jin, Wei & Fan, Xiaojun, 2022. "Credit guarantee types for financing retailers through online peer-to-peer lending: Equilibrium and coordinating strategy," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 297(1), pages 380-392.
    8. Lu, Xiangyuan & Wu, Zhiqiao, 2020. "How taxes impact bank and trade financing for Multinational Firms," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 286(1), pages 218-232.
    9. Wang, Chengfu & Chen, Xiangfeng & Xu, Xun & Jin, Wei, 2023. "Financing and operating strategies for blockchain technology-driven accounts receivable chains," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 304(3), pages 1279-1295.
    10. Mandal, Prasenjit & Basu, Preetam & Choi, Tsan-Ming & Rath, Sambit Brata, 2024. "Platform financing vs. bank financing: Strategic choice of financing mode under seller competition," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 315(1), pages 130-146.
    11. Reza-Gharehbagh, Raziyeh & Hafezalkotob, Ashkan & Makui, Ahmad & Sayadi, Mohammad Kazem, 2022. "Financing green technology development and role of digital platforms: Insourcing vs. outsourcing," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    12. Bi, Chen & Zhang, Baofeng & Yang, Feng & Wang, Yifan & Bi, Gongbing, 2022. "Selling to the newsvendor through debt-shared bank financing," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 296(1), pages 116-130.
    13. Xu, Song & Fang, Lei, 2020. "Partial credit guarantee and trade credit in an emission-dependent supply chain with capital constraint," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    14. Phan, Dinh Anh & Hovelaque, Vincent & Viviani, Jean-Laurent, 2023. "Integrating point-of-sale financing into the coordination of a price and credit dependent e-commerce supply chain," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    15. Jing Qin & Kun Qin & Yuxiang Cheng & Desheng Wu, 2022. "Trade Credit Insurance for the Capital-Constrained Supplier," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-19, October.
    16. Priya, Bhawna & Biswas, Indranil & Thürer, Matthias & Avittathur, Balram, 2023. "How to finance the supply chain when you are small? Clearance sale and loan payment timing in financially constrained supply chains," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    17. Chen, Rongda & Chen, Yikai & Jin, Chenglu & Xu, Guorui & Bao, Weiwei & Guo, Kenan, 2021. "Characteristics and mechanisms of not-fully marketized interest rates: Evidence from Chinese online lending," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    18. Rath, Sambit Brata & Basu, Preetam & Govindan, Kannan & Mandal, Prasenjit, 2024. "Platform vs. 3PL financing: Strategic choice of lending model for an e-tailer under operational risk," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    19. Liu, Yang & Lu, Jizhou & Yan, Nina, 2024. "Agency or reselling? Supplier’s online channel strategies with platform financing," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 318(3), pages 1014-1027.
    20. Liu, Jie & Yang, Yang & Yu, Yugang, 2021. "Ordering and interest rate strategies in platform finance with an overconfident and commerce retailer," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pal:jorapm:v:24:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1057_s41272-023-00471-5. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.palgrave.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.