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The robustness of Kingma’s crowd-out estimate: Evidence from new data on contributions to public radio*

* This paper is a replication of an original study

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  • Sonia Manzoor
  • John Straub

Abstract

We revisit Kingma’s (Kingma (1989). Journal of Political Economy, 97, 1197–1207) widely cited study of charitable contributions to public radio. Kingma’s estimate of partial, but statistically significant crowd-out remains a benchmark in the literature because he was able to match household-level contributions data with station-level data on revenue, including revenue from government grants. To the best of our knowledge, no comparable data have become available until now. We replicate Kingma’s estimates with the original data and then apply the same methodology to very similar data from 1996. Kingma’s estimates are not robust to the use of the newer data. Copyright Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. 2005

Suggested Citation

  • Sonia Manzoor & John Straub, 2005. "The robustness of Kingma’s crowd-out estimate: Evidence from new data on contributions to public radio," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 123(3), pages 463-476, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:pubcho:v:123:y:2005:i:3:p:463-476
    DOI: 10.1007/s11127-005-7171-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kingma, Bruce Robert, 1989. "An Accurate Measurement of the Crowd-Out Effect, Income Effect, and Price Effect for Charitable Contributions," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 97(5), pages 1197-1207, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Teresa D. Harrison & Daniel J. Henderson & Deniz Ozabaci & Christopher A. Laincz, 2023. "Does one size fit all in the non‐profit donation production function?," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 85(2), pages 373-402, April.
    2. Andreoni, James & Payne, A. Abigail, 2011. "Is crowding out due entirely to fundraising? Evidence from a panel of charities," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(5), pages 334-343.
    3. Korenok, Oleg & Millner, Edward L. & Razzolini, Laura, 2013. "Impure altruism in dictators' giving," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 1-8.
    4. Dean Karlan & John A. List, 2007. "Does Price Matter in Charitable Giving? Evidence from a Large-Scale Natural Field Experiment," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 97(5), pages 1774-1793, December.
    5. Holger Sieg & Jipeng Zhang, 2012. "The Effectiveness Of Private Benefits In Fundraising Of Local Charities," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 53(2), pages 349-374, May.
    6. Lohse, Johannes, 2015. "Cooperation at a discount - Will I give away your money?," VfS Annual Conference 2015 (Muenster): Economic Development - Theory and Policy 113151, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    7. G. Thomas Sav, 2012. "Government free riding in the public provision of higher education: panel data estimates of possible crowding out," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(9), pages 1133-1141, March.
    8. Ferguson, Eamonn & Flynn, Niall, 2016. "Moral relativism as a disconnect between behavioural and experienced warm glow," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 163-175.
    9. Gallier, Carlo & Reif, Christiane & Römer, Daniel, 2014. "Consistent or balanced? On the dynamics of voluntary contributions," ZEW Discussion Papers 14-060, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    10. Hungerman, Daniel M., 2014. "Public goods, hidden income, and tax evasion: Some nonstandard results from the warm-glow model," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 188-202.
    11. Keum, Daniel & Meier, Stephan, 2020. "License to Fire? Unemployment Insurance and the Moral Cost of Layoffs," IZA Discussion Papers 13497, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Yildirim, Huseyin, 2014. "Andreoni–McGuire algorithm and the limits of warm-glow giving," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 101-107.
    13. Stefano Barbieri & David A. Malueg, 2014. "Increasing Fundraising Success by Decreasing Donor Choice," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 16(3), pages 372-400, June.
    14. Gronberg, Timothy J. & Luccasen, R. Andrew & Turocy, Theodore L. & Van Huyck, John B., 2012. "Are tax-financed contributions to a public good completely crowded-out? Experimental evidence," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(7-8), pages 596-603.
    15. Lauren Schmitz, 2012. "Do Cultural Tax Districts Buttress Revenue Growth for Budding Arts Organizations?," SCEPA working paper series. 2012-1, Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis (SCEPA), The New School.
    16. Rapheal Andrew Luccasen III, 2012. "Individual Differences In Contributions And Crowding-Out Of A Public Good," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 59(4), pages 419-441, September.
    17. Gallier, Carlo & Reif, Christiane & Römer, Daniel, 2017. "Repeated pro-social behavior in the presence of economic interventions," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 18-28.
    18. James Andreoni & Abigail Payne, 2007. "Crowding out Both Sides of the Philanthropy Market: Evidence from a Panel of Charities," Levine's Bibliography 122247000000001769, UCLA Department of Economics.
    19. G. Thomas Sav, 2010. "Private Giving Crowding Government Funding in Public Higher Education," American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Science Publications, vol. 2(3), pages 293-299, September.

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    Replication

    This item is a replication of:
  • Kingma, Bruce Robert, 1989. "An Accurate Measurement of the Crowd-Out Effect, Income Effect, and Price Effect for Charitable Contributions," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 97(5), pages 1197-1207, October.

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