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Accessibility in a Post-Apartheid City: Comparison of Two Approaches for Accessibility Computations

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  • Dominik Ziemke

    (Technische Universität Berlin
    University of Pretoria)

  • Johan W. Joubert

    (University of Pretoria)

  • Kai Nagel

    (Technische Universität Berlin
    University of Pretoria)

Abstract

Many authors argue that issues related to interpretability, lack of data availability, and limited applicability in terms of policy analysis have hindered a more widespread use of accessibility indicators. Aiming to address these aspects, this paper presents two accessibility computation approaches applied to Nelson Mandela Bay in South Africa. The first approach, a household-based accessibility indicator, is designed to account for the high diversity both among the South African society and in terms of settlement patterns. Besides OpenStreetMap (OSM) as its main data source, this indicator uses a census and a travel survey to create a synthetic population of the study area. Accessibilities are computed based on people’s daily activity chains. The second approach, an econometric accessibility indicator, relies exclusively on OSM and computes the accessibility of a given location as the weighted sum over the utilities of all opportunities reachable from that location including the costs of overcoming the distance. Neither a synthetic population nor travel information is used. It is found that the econometric indicator, although associated with much lower input data requirements, yields the same quality of insights regarding the identification of areas with low levels of accessibility. It also possesses advantages in terms of interpretability and policy sensitivity. In particular, its exclusive reliance on standardized and freely available input data and its easy portability are a novelty that can support the more widespread application of accessibility measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Dominik Ziemke & Johan W. Joubert & Kai Nagel, 2018. "Accessibility in a Post-Apartheid City: Comparison of Two Approaches for Accessibility Computations," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 18(2), pages 241-271, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:netspa:v:18:y:2018:i:2:d:10.1007_s11067-017-9360-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s11067-017-9360-3
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    2. Acheampong, Ransford A. & Asabere, Stephen Boahen, 2022. "Urban expansion and differential accessibility by car and public transport in the Greater Kumasi city-region, Ghana—A geospatial modelling approach," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    3. Ruqin Yang & Yaolin Liu & Yanfang Liu & Hui Liu & Wenxia Gan, 2019. "Comprehensive Public Transport Service Accessibility Index—A New Approach Based on Degree Centrality and Gravity Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-20, October.
    4. Hasnine, Md Sami & Graovac, Ana & Camargo, Felipe & Habib, Khandker Nurul, 2019. "A random utility maximization (RUM) based measure of accessibility to transit: Accurate capturing of the first-mile issue in urban transit," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 313-320.
    5. Guzman, Luis A. & Cantillo-Garcia, Victor A. & Oviedo, Daniel & Arellana, Julian, 2023. "How much is accessibility worth? Utility-based accessibility to evaluate transport policies," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    6. Nejad, Mohammad Motalleb & Erdogan, Sevgi & Cirillo, Cinzia, 2021. "A statistical approach to small area synthetic population generation as a basis for carless evacuation planning," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).

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