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Efficient Environmental Taxation Under Worker-Firm Bargaining

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  • Jon Strand

Abstract

We study an economy with free firm entry and unemployment due to firm-worker bargaining over each firm's surplus, and where firms cause pollution that can be reduced by initial investments. An uncompensated increase in the pollution tax reduces pollution but increases unemployment, implying a tradeoff between the two. When tax revenues are used to subsidize either firms' hiring or investments, employment may also increase, creating a ‘double dividend’ from the pollution tax. A pollution tax increase used to subsidize current employment is always less effective than a hiring subsidy, and is totally ineffective when subsidies equal pollution tax revenues for each individual firm. We show that the (hypothetical) pollution tax implementing the first-best solution exceeds the Pigouvian tax. The second-best tax exceeds this first-best tax when we have a double dividend, and is below it when we do not. Copyright Kluwer Academic Publishers 1999

Suggested Citation

  • Jon Strand, 1999. "Efficient Environmental Taxation Under Worker-Firm Bargaining," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 13(2), pages 125-141, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:enreec:v:13:y:1999:i:2:p:125-141
    DOI: 10.1023/A:1008202802250
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    1. Hadjidema, Stamatina & Eleftheriou, Konstantinos, 2010. "Environmental Taxation under Productive Differentials: An Efficiency Analysis," MPRA Paper 21861, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Sandrine Spaeter & Alban Verchère, 2004. "Aléa moral et politiques d’audit optimales dans le cadre de la pollution d’origine agricole de l’eau," Cahiers d'Economie et Sociologie Rurales, INRA Department of Economics, vol. 71, pages 5-35.
    3. DE BORGER, Bruno, "undated". "Commuting, congestion tolls and noncompetitive labour markets: Optimal congestion pricing in a wage bargaining model," Working Papers 2006014, University of Antwerp, Faculty of Business and Economics.
    4. Sandrine Spaeter & Alban Verchère, 2004. "Agricultural pollution of water, moral hazard and optimal audit policies [Aléa moral et politiques d’audit optimales dans le cadre de la pollution d’origine agricole de l’eau]," Post-Print hal-01201071, HAL.
    5. Schöb, Ronnie, 2009. "Climate policy: choosing the right instrument to reap an additional employment dividend," Discussion Papers 2009/10, Free University Berlin, School of Business & Economics.
    6. Huwei Wen & Weifeng Deng & Quanen Guo, 2021. "The effects of the environmental protection tax law on heavily polluting firms in China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(12), pages 1-18, December.
    7. Stamatina Hadjidema & Konstantinos Eleftheriou, 2013. "A Search Theoretic Approach on Environmental Taxation under Productive Differentials: A Note," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 19(2), pages 153-166, May.
    8. Strand, Jon, 1999. "Efficient environmental taxation under moral hazard," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 73-88, March.
    9. Ronnie Schöb, 2003. "The Double Dividend Hypothesis of Environmental Taxes: A Survey," Working Papers 2003.60, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
    10. De Borger, Bruno & Wuyts, Bart, 2011. "The structure of the labor market, telecommuting, and optimal peak period congestion tolls: A numerical optimization model," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(5), pages 426-438, September.

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