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Interactions of Gross Domestic Product, External Debt and Government Expenditure: Evidence From International Development Association Countries [A Panel-VAR Approach]

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  • Krishna Hari Baral

Abstract

The study employed a Panel Vector Autoregressive (PVAR) model to examine the relationships among three macroeconomic variables- Gross Domestic Product, Total External Debt Stocks, and Gross National Expenditure - in International Development Association (IDA) member countries. Data from three different time frames - 1991-2019 (29 countries), 1994-2018 (35 countries), and 2008-2018 (39 countries) – was analyzed, and the lags of endogenous variables were used as instruments to address endogeneity issues in the dynamic model. The variables were transformed into growth rates to ensure stationarity and were estimated using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The results were reported after removing both panel-specific and time-specific fixed effects. The study found a positive relationship between Total External Debt Stocks growth and Gross Domestic Product growth, which became more significant with the increase in the sample timeframe. The findings showed that a 100% increase in Total External Debt growth would lead to a 4-7% increase in Gross Domestic Product growth. The positive relationship was confirmed by the transmission of shocks from Total External Debt growth to Gross Domestic Product growth, but it lasted only for two periods and quickly returned to an equilibrium state. The relationship between Gross National Expenditure growth and the other variables was not conclusively established due to its lack of consistent and stable behavior with the other variables. The Stata package “pvar” was employed for data analysis and inferential conclusions.

Suggested Citation

  • Krishna Hari Baral, 2023. "Interactions of Gross Domestic Product, External Debt and Government Expenditure: Evidence From International Development Association Countries [A Panel-VAR Approach]," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 15(5), pages 1-11, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:ibn:ijefaa:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:11
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lof, Matthijs & Malinen, Tuomas, 2014. "Does sovereign debt weaken economic growth? A panel VAR analysis," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 122(3), pages 403-407.
    2. Matuka, Adelajda & Asafo, Shuffield Seyram, 2018. "External Debt and Economic Growth in Ghana: A Co-integration and a Vector Error Correction Analysis," MPRA Paper 90463, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 04 Nov 2018.
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    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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