Bridging Vehicle-to-Home Technology and Equity: Enhancing Household Resilience for Disaster Preparedness and Response

This paper explores the potential of Electric Vehicle (EV) Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) technology to enhance household resilience during extreme weather events, integrating socio-economic, technical, and human rights perspectives. V2H technology enables EVs to provide backup power during outages, offering a promising solution for disaster preparedness and response. However, widespread adoption of this technology faces barriers shaped by socio-economic disparities, including income, housing, education, and access to infrastructure, as well as human decisions related to EV ownership, V2H utilization, and evacuation behaviors. To investigate these challenges, this study adopts a qualitative review of existing literature and policy frameworks, critically analyzing how social vulnerabilities and adoption barriers influence the effectiveness of V2H in improving household-level disaster resilience. The findings indicate that while V2H technology can significantly support disaster resilience, its benefits are contingent on equitable access, affordability, and public awareness. To maximize its potential, various public and private stakeholders must adopt equity-driven strategies that align technological innovation with socio-economic inclusion. This paper highlights the need for cross-sector collaboration to ensure V2H systems reach underserved and marginalized communities, advocating for policies that prioritize both technological advancement and distributive justice.