IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i3p2841-d1057510.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Comprehensive Low Voltage Microgrid Planning Methodology for Rural Electrification

Author

Listed:
  • Kimsrornn Khon

    (Department of Electrical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh 120404, Cambodia
    Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, G2Elab, 38 000 Grenoble, France
    Energy Technology and Management Unit, Research and Innovation Center, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh 120404, Cambodia)

  • Chhith Chhlonh

    (Department of Electrical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh 120404, Cambodia
    Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, G2Elab, 38 000 Grenoble, France
    Energy Technology and Management Unit, Research and Innovation Center, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh 120404, Cambodia)

  • Vannak Vai

    (Department of Electrical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh 120404, Cambodia
    Energy Technology and Management Unit, Research and Innovation Center, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh 120404, Cambodia)

  • Marie-Cecile Alvarez-Herault

    (Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, G2Elab, 38 000 Grenoble, France)

  • Bertrand Raison

    (Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, G2Elab, 38 000 Grenoble, France)

  • Long Bun

    (Department of Electrical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh 120404, Cambodia
    Energy Technology and Management Unit, Research and Innovation Center, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh 120404, Cambodia)

Abstract

Recently, DC-powered devices such as loads (USB plugs, chargers, LED lighting) and distributed energy resources (solar photovoltaic and battery energy storage) have been increasingly used. Therefore, their connection to the grid requires AC/DC converters, which raises the question of operating part of the grid in DC in order to connect DC loads to DC producers and storage. In Cambodia, the electrification rate is only about 82% of the population in 2021 in rural areas. The objective of this work is to propose a low voltage microgrid comprehensive planning tool for electrification of developing countries. From the data collected on consumption needs, the objective is to find the optimal electrification scheme, i.e., AC or AC/DC distribution, optimal topology and distributed energy resources allocation and operation for both grid-connected and off-grid mode. A set of technical, economic, and environmental key performance indicators allows for comparison of solutions. The interest and efficiency of such a tool are illustrated on a real case study, an island area. Moreover, uncertainties on load consumption are also considered to assess the sensitivity and robustness of the proposed algorithm. The results show that, although the overall cost of the hybrid AC/DC microgrid is slightly higher than that of the AC microgrid, it allows a gradual electrification avoiding large initial investments.

Suggested Citation

  • Kimsrornn Khon & Chhith Chhlonh & Vannak Vai & Marie-Cecile Alvarez-Herault & Bertrand Raison & Long Bun, 2023. "Comprehensive Low Voltage Microgrid Planning Methodology for Rural Electrification," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-23, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:2841-:d:1057510
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/3/2841/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/3/2841/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kumar, Pankaj & Pal, Nitai & Sharma, Himanshu, 2022. "Optimization and techno-economic analysis of a solar photo-voltaic/biomass/diesel/battery hybrid off-grid power generation system for rural remote electrification in eastern India," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    2. Vannak Vai & Samphors Eng, 2022. "Study of Grid-Connected PV System for a Low Voltage Distribution System: A Case Study of Cambodia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-12, July.
    3. Fauzan Hanif Jufri & Dwi Riana Aryani & Iwa Garniwa & Budi Sudiarto, 2021. "Optimal Battery Energy Storage Dispatch Strategy for Small-Scale Isolated Hybrid Renewable Energy System with Different Load Profile Patterns," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-19, May.
    4. Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña & Jauder Alexander Ocampo-Toro & Andrés Alfonso Rosales-Muñoz & Brandon Cortes-Caicedo & Oscar Danilo Montoya, 2022. "An Energy Management System for PV Sources in Standalone and Connected DC Networks Considering Economic, Technical, and Environmental Indices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-25, December.
    5. Aili Amupolo & Sofia Nambundunga & Daniel S. P. Chowdhury & Gunnar Grün, 2022. "Techno-Economic Feasibility of Off-Grid Renewable Energy Electrification Schemes: A Case Study of an Informal Settlement in Namibia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-32, June.
    6. Khanahmadi, Abbas & Ghaffarpour, Reza, 2022. "A cost-effective and emission-Aware hybrid system considering uncertainty: A case study in a remote area," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P1), pages 977-992.
    7. Unamuno, Eneko & Barrena, Jon Andoni, 2015. "Hybrid ac/dc microgrids—Part I: Review and classification of topologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1251-1259.
    8. Lucas Richard & Cédric Boudinet & Sanda A. Ranaivoson & Jean Origio Rabarivao & Archille Elia Befeno & David Frey & Marie-Cécile Alvarez-Hérault & Bertrand Raison & Nicolas Saincy, 2022. "Development of a DC Microgrid with Decentralized Production and Storage: From the Lab to Field Deployment in Rural Africa," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-27, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Dara Eam & Vannak Vai & Chhith Chhlonh & Samphors Eng, 2023. "Planning of an LVAC Distribution System with Centralized PV and Decentralized PV Integration for a Rural Village," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Spyridon Chapaloglou & Babak Abdolmaleki & Elisabetta Tedeschi, 2023. "Optimal Generation Capacity Allocation and Droop Control Design for Current Sharing in DC Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-17, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Alexandra Blanch-Fortuna & David Zambrano-Prada & Oswaldo López-Santos & Abdelali El Aroudi & Luis Vázquez-Seisdedos & Luis Martinez-Salamero, 2024. "Hierarchical Control of Power Distribution in the Hybrid Energy Storage System of an Ultrafast Charging Station for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-20, March.
    2. Zhou, Jianguo & Xu, Zhongtian, 2023. "Optimal sizing design and integrated cost-benefit assessment of stand-alone microgrid system with different energy storage employing chameleon swarm algorithm: A rural case in Northeast China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 1110-1137.
    3. Bustos, Cristian & Watts, David, 2017. "Novel methodology for microgrids in isolated communities: Electricity cost-coverage trade-off with 3-stage technology mix, dispatch & configuration optimizations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 204-221.
    4. Sohail Sarwar & Desen Kirli & Michael M. C. Merlin & Aristides E. Kiprakis, 2022. "Major Challenges towards Energy Management and Power Sharing in a Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-30, November.
    5. Abdullah Al Abri & Abdullah Al Kaaf & Musaab Allouyahi & Ali Al Wahaibi & Razzaqul Ahshan & Rashid S. Al Abri & Ahmed Al Abri, 2022. "Techno-Economic and Environmental Analysis of Renewable Mix Hybrid Energy System for Sustainable Electrification of Al-Dhafrat Rural Area in Oman," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-23, December.
    6. Vitor Monteiro & Julio S. Martins & João Carlos Aparício Fernandes & Joao L. Afonso, 2021. "Review of a Disruptive Vision of Future Power Grids: A New Path Based on Hybrid AC/DC Grids and Solid-State Transformers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-25, August.
    7. Vitor Fernão Pires & Armando Pires & Armando Cordeiro, 2023. "DC Microgrids: Benefits, Architectures, Perspectives and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-20, January.
    8. Gbalimene Richard Ileberi & Pu Li, 2023. "Integrating Hydrokinetic Energy into Hybrid Renewable Energy System: Optimal Design and Comparative Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-28, April.
    9. Hossein Shayeghi & Elnaz Shahryari & Mohammad Moradzadeh & Pierluigi Siano, 2019. "A Survey on Microgrid Energy Management Considering Flexible Energy Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-26, June.
    10. Houssem Rafik Al-Hana Bouchekara & Mohammad Shoaib Shahriar & Muhammad Sharjeel Javaid & Yusuf Abubakar Sha’aban & Makbul Anwari Muhammad Ramli, 2021. "Multi-Objective Optimization of a Hybrid Nanogrid/Microgrid: Application to Desert Camps in Hafr Al-Batin," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-24, February.
    11. Mirsaeidi, Sohrab & Dong, Xinzhou & Said, Dalila Mat, 2018. "Towards hybrid AC/DC microgrids: Critical analysis and classification of protection strategies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 97-103.
    12. Yadav, Subhash & Kumar, Pradeep & Kumar, Ashwani, 2024. "Techno-economic assessment of hybrid renewable energy system with multi energy storage system using HOMER," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 297(C).
    13. Dubravko Žigman & Tomislav Tomiša & Krešimir Osman, 2023. "Methodology Presentation for the Configuration Optimization of Hybrid Electrical Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-25, February.
    14. Rebekka Besner & Kedar Mehta & Wilfried Zörner, 2023. "How to Enhance Energy Services in Informal Settlements? Qualitative Comparison of Renewable Energy Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-22, June.
    15. Wilson Pavon & Esteban Inga & Silvio Simani & Matthew Armstrong, 2023. "Optimal Hierarchical Control for Smart Grid Inverters Using Stability Margin Evaluating Transient Voltage for Photovoltaic System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-16, March.
    16. Deevela, Niranjan Rao & Singh, Bhim & Kandpal, Tara C., 2023. "Optimization and economic analysis of solar PV based hybrid system for powering Base Transceiver Stations in India," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    17. Hao Pan & Ming Ding & Anwei Chen & Rui Bi & Lei Sun & Shengliang Shi, 2018. "Research on Distributed Power Capacity and Site Optimization Planning of AC/DC Hybrid Micrograms Considering Line Factors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-18, July.
    18. Sipra, Abdullah Tariq & Azeem, Fawad & Memon, Zulfiqar Ali & Baig, Sobia & Jaffery, Mujtaba Hussain, 2024. "Design and assessment of energy management strategy on rail coaches using solar PV and battery storage to reduce diesel fuel consumption," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    19. Takele Ferede Agajie & Ahmed Ali & Armand Fopah-Lele & Isaac Amoussou & Baseem Khan & Carmen Lilí Rodríguez Velasco & Emmanuel Tanyi, 2023. "A Comprehensive Review on Techno-Economic Analysis and Optimal Sizing of Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources with Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-26, January.
    20. Arcos-Aviles, Diego & Pascual, Julio & Guinjoan, Francesc & Marroyo, Luis & Sanchis, Pablo & Marietta, Martin P., 2017. "Low complexity energy management strategy for grid profile smoothing of a residential grid-connected microgrid using generation and demand forecasting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 69-84.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:2841-:d:1057510. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.