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Oilseed Brassica Species Diversification and Crop Geometry Influence the Productivity, Economics, and Environmental Footprints under Semi-Arid Regions

Author

Listed:
  • Sanjay Singh Rathore

    (Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Subhash Babu

    (Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Kapila Shekhawat

    (Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Vinod K. Singh

    (ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad 500059, India)

  • Pravin Kumar Upadhyay

    (Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Rajiv Kumar Singh

    (Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Rishi Raj

    (Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Harveer Singh

    (ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed Mustard Research (DRMR), Bharatpur 321303, India)

  • Fida Mohammad Zaki

    (Department of Agronomy, Afghanistan National Agricultural Sciences and Technology University (ANASTU), Kadahar 431714, Afghanistan)

Abstract

The article presents the findings of three-year field experiments conducted during 2017–2020 on the productivity, economics, and environmental footprints of the oilseed Brassica (OSB) with species diversification and crop geometry alterations in semi-arid regions of India. The objectives of the field experimentation was to assess the system of mustard intensification (SMI) in enhancing productivity and profitability with ensuring fewer environmental footprints. The results revealed that Brassica carinata gave a maximum seed productivity (3173.8 kg ha −1 ) and net returns (US$ 1141.72 ha −1 ) under a crop geometry of 60 cm × 60 cm. Further, an increase of 38% and 54% in seed yield and net returns from B. carinata was observed over the existing traditional Brassica juncea with conventional crop geometry. The maximum energy output was also recorded from B. carinata (246,445 MJ ha −1 ). The broader crop geometry (60 cm × 60 cm) also resulted in maximum energy output. The environmental footprint was lesser due to increased carbon gain (CG), carbon output (CO), and carbon production efficiency (CPE) and lower greenhouse gas intensity (GHGi) in B. carinata . However, the maximum water-use efficiency (WUE) was recorded in B. juncea (19.15 kg per ha-mm), with a minimum water footprint (WFP), whereas, greater crop geometry (60 cm × 60 cm) resulted in lower WFPs and better irrigation water use. Enhanced seed yield, economics, and fewer environmental footprints were observed at broader crop geometry in B. carinata over remaining OSBs.

Suggested Citation

  • Sanjay Singh Rathore & Subhash Babu & Kapila Shekhawat & Vinod K. Singh & Pravin Kumar Upadhyay & Rajiv Kumar Singh & Rishi Raj & Harveer Singh & Fida Mohammad Zaki, 2022. "Oilseed Brassica Species Diversification and Crop Geometry Influence the Productivity, Economics, and Environmental Footprints under Semi-Arid Regions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-18, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:2230-:d:750492
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    1. Rajat Chaudhary & Subhash Chand & Bharath Kumar Alam & Prashant Yadav & Vijay Kamal Meena & Manoj Kumar Patel & Priya Pardeshi & Sanjay Singh Rathore & Yashpal Taak & Navinder Saini & Devendra Kumar Y, 2022. "Codon Usage Bias for Fatty Acid Genes FAE1 and FAD2 in Oilseed Brassica Species," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-21, September.

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