IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i3p1363-d733474.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Social Dimension of Security: The Dichotomy of Respondents’ Perceptions during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Listed:
  • Sławomir Kalinowski

    (Department of Rural Economics, Institute of Rural and Agricultural Development, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Nowy Świat 72, 00-330 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Aleksandra Łuczak

    (Department of Finance and Accounting, Faculty of Economics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland)

  • Adam Koziolek

    (Independent Researcher, 60-637 Poznan, Poland)

Abstract

The main goal of the study was to make a subjective assessment of the social security of households during the coronavirus pandemic. In order to achieve this goal, a three-stage primary research based on the CAWI method (computer-assisted web interview) was conducted on households in Poland in April, June, and September 2020. The research used statistical methods of structure evaluation and the fuzzy TOPSIS method. It assessed the security of households and respondents’ subjective perceptions of the loss of financial stability, income, and employment, as well as presenting the deterioration of the situation of their households in the immediate future. The respondents also assessed the possible deterioration of the situation in Poland, the growth of poverty in families and unemployment in the immediate future. In addition, the respondents’ subjective assessments of the level of insecurity about the future of their households and the situation in Poland were quantified. One of the most important conclusions was the dichotomy in the respondents’ perceptions, as they assessed the situation of their households better than the situation in Poland. The research shows that in April 2020, i.e., at the first stage of the research, the respondents strongly felt that the financial situation of their households had deteriorated. In June 2020 (stage II) this perception weakened slightly because they may have considered the pandemic situation to be temporary. However, in September 2020 (stage III) the sense of the possible deterioration of their financial situation increased again due to the ongoing pandemic and its consequences.

Suggested Citation

  • Sławomir Kalinowski & Aleksandra Łuczak & Adam Koziolek, 2022. "The Social Dimension of Security: The Dichotomy of Respondents’ Perceptions during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:1363-:d:733474
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/3/1363/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/3/1363/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kock, Florian & Nørfelt, Astrid & Josiassen, Alexander & Assaf, A. George & Tsionas, Mike G., 2020. "Understanding the COVID-19 tourist psyche: The Evolutionary Tourism Paradigm," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    2. Hanna Dudek, 2019. "Households’ Food Insecurity in the V4 Countries: Microeconometric Analysis," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, vol. 21(51), pages 377-377.
    3. Giovanni Valensisi, 2020. "COVID-19 and Global Poverty: Are LDCs Being Left Behind?," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 32(5), pages 1535-1557, December.
    4. Magdalena Śmiglak-Krajewska & Julia Wojciechowska-Solis, 2021. "Consumer versus Organic Products in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Opportunities and Barriers to Market Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-22, September.
    5. Simeon Djankov & Ugo Panizza, 2020. "Developing economies after COVID-19: An introduction," Vox eBook Chapters, in: Simeon Djankov & Ugo Panizza (ed.), COVID-19 in Developing Economies, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 1, pages 8-23, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    6. Julia Wojciechowska-Solis & Anetta Barska, 2021. "Exploring the Preferences of Consumers’ Organic Products in Aspects of Sustainable Consumption: The Case of the Polish Consumer," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-17, February.
    7. Coibion, Olivier & Gorodnichenko, Yuriy & Weber, Michael, 2020. "Labor Markets During the Covid-19 Crisis: A Preliminary View," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt7rx7t91p, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
    8. Roszkowska, Ewa & Wachowicz, Tomasz, 2015. "Application of fuzzy TOPSIS to scoring the negotiation offers in ill-structured negotiation problems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 242(3), pages 920-932.
    9. Andrea Cecrdlova, 2021. "Comparison of the Approach of the Czech National Bank and the European Central Bank to the Effects of the Global Financial Crisis," International Journal of Economic Sciences, European Research Center, vol. 10(2), pages 18-46, December.
    10. repec:aud:audfin:v:21:y:2019:i:51:p:377 is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Chang, Yu-Hern & Yeh, Chung-Hsing, 2004. "A new airline safety index," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 38(4), pages 369-383, May.
    12. Michał Dudek & Ruta Śpiewak, 2022. "Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sustainable Food Systems: Lessons Learned for Public Policies? The Case of Poland," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-19, January.
    13. C. Acuña-Soto & V. Liern & B. Pérez-Gladish, 2021. "Normalization in TOPSIS-based approaches with data of different nature: application to the ranking of mathematical videos," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 296(1), pages 541-569, January.
    14. Hu, Maggie R. & Lee, Adrian D. & Zou, Dihan, 2021. "COVID-19 and Housing Prices: Australian Evidence with Daily Hedonic Returns," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 43(C).
    15. Naeem, Muhammad, 2021. "Do social media platforms develop consumer panic buying during the fear of Covid-19 pandemic," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    16. Djankov, Simeon & Panizza, Ugo (ed.), 2020. "COVID-19 in Developing Economies," Vox eBooks, Centre for Economic Policy Research, number p330.
    17. Aleksandra Łuczak & Sławomir Kalinowski, 2020. "Assessing the level of the material deprivation of European Union countries," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(9), pages 1-20, September.
    18. Eduard Hromada & Klara Cermakova, 2021. "Financial Unavailability Of Housing In The Czech Republic And Recommendations For Its Solution," International Journal of Economic Sciences, European Research Center, vol. 10(2), pages 47-57, December.
    19. Eduard Hromada & Klara Cermakova, 2021. "Financial Unavailability Of Housing In The Czech Republic And Recommendations For Its Solution," International Journal of Economic Sciences, European Research Center, vol. 10(2), pages 47-58, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Aleksandra ?uczak & S?awomir Kalinowski, 2022. "A multidimensional comparative analysis of poverty statuses in European Union countries," International Journal of Economic Sciences, European Research Center, vol. 11(1), pages 146-160, April.
    2. Marija Jevtic & Vlatka Matkovic & Milica Paut Kusturica & Catherine Bouland, 2022. "Build Healthier: Post-COVID-19 Urban Requirements for Healthy and Sustainable Living," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-21, July.
    3. Feng Wang & Xing Ge & Danwen Huang, 2022. "Government Intervention, Human Mobility, and COVID-19: A Causal Pathway Analysis from 121 Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-26, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Klára Čermáková & Eduard Hromada, 2022. "Change in the Affordability of Owner-Occupied Housing in the Context of Rising Energy Prices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Raul-Tomas Mora-Garcia & Maria-Francisca Cespedes-Lopez & V. Raul Perez-Sanchez, 2022. "Housing Price Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithms in COVID-19 Times," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-32, November.
    3. Jiri Rotschedl, 2022. "Study of Intertemporal Discounting According to Income Group, Savings, and Loans," International Journal of Economic Sciences, European Research Center, vol. 11(1), pages 68-84, April.
    4. Ondřej Bednář & Andrea Čečrdlová & Božena Kadeřábková & Pavel Řežábek, 2022. "Energy Prices Impact on Inflationary Spiral," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-25, May.
    5. Hanna Dudek & Joanna Myszkowska-Ryciak & Agnieszka Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska, 2021. "Profiles of Food Insecurity: Similarities and Differences across Selected CEE Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-19, August.
    6. Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez & Stephanie Rodriguez-Besteiro & Juan José Cabello-Eras & Alvaro Bustamante-Sanchez & Eduardo Navarro-Jiménez & Macarena Donoso-Gonzalez & Ana Isabel Beltrán-Velasco & J, 2022. "Sustainable Development Goals in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-26, June.
    7. Piotr Rosik & Julia Wójcik, 2022. "Transport Infrastructure and Regional Development: A Survey of Literature on Wider Economic and Spatial Impacts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-19, December.
    8. Elżbieta Jasińska & Edward Preweda & Piotr Łazarz, 2023. "Renewable Energy Sources in the Residential Property Market, Exemplified by the City of Krakow (Poland)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-17, May.
    9. Daniel Macek, 2023. "A Tool for Evaluating Public Procurement in the Context of Life Cycle Costs," International Journal of Economic Sciences, European Research Center, vol. 12(1), pages 116-126, May.
    10. Joanna Smoluk-Sikorska & Mariusz Malinowski, 2021. "An Attempt to Apply Canonical Analysis to Investigate the Dependencies between the Level of Organic Farming Development in Poland and the Chosen Environmental Determinants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-26, December.
    11. Daniel Macek, 2023. "A Tool for Evaluating Public Procurement in the Context of Life Cycle Costs," International Journal of Economic Sciences, European Research Center, vol. 12(1), pages 133-143, May.
    12. Emilie Jasova & Bozena Kaderabkova, 2022. "The effectiveness of government measures in the first wave of Covid-19 pandemic," International Journal of Economic Sciences, European Research Center, vol. 11(1), pages 19-36, April.
    13. João Fragoso Januário & Carlos Oliveira Cruz, 2023. "The Impact of the 2008 Financial Crisis on Lisbon’s Housing Prices," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-18, January.
    14. PIECHA Marian & ČERMÁKOVÁ Klára & HROMADA Eduard, 2022. "Determinants of House Prices and Housing Affordability Dynamics in the Czech Republic," European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Bucharest Economic Academy, issue 02, June.
    15. Judyta Kabus & Michał Dziadkiewicz, 2023. "Modern Management Methods in the Area of Public Housing Resources in the Community," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-28, May.
    16. Swati Dhingra & Stephen Machin, 2020. "The crisis and job guarantees in urban India," CEP Discussion Papers dp1719, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    17. Tianshu Quan & Tianli Quan, 2023. "A Study of the Spatial Mechanism of Financial Agglomeration Affecting Green Low-Carbon Development: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-21, January.
    18. Sławomir Kalinowski & Aleksandra Łuczak, 2022. "Dychotomia odczuć bezpieczeństwa w wymiarze społecznym mieszkańców miast w czasie pandemii COVID-19," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 2, pages 74-87.
    19. Grzegorz Przekota, 2022. "Do High Fuel Prices Pose an Obstacle to Economic Growth? A Study for Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-15, September.
    20. Maria Francesca Renzi & Veronica Ungaro & Laura Di Pietro & Roberta Guglielmetti Mugion & Maria Giovina Pasca, 2022. "Agenda 2030 and COVID-19: A Young Consumer’s Perception of Sustainable Consumption," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-20, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:1363-:d:733474. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.