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Reducing Inequalities within and among EU Countries—Assessing the Achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Targets (SDG 10)

Author

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  • Teodor Marian Cojocaru

    (Department of Economics and Economic Modeling, West University of Timisoara, 300115 Timisoara, Romania)

  • George H. Ionescu

    (Department of Finance, Credit and Accounting, Romanian–American University, 012101 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Daniela Firoiu

    (Department of Commerce, Economic Integration and Business Administration, Romanian–American University, 012101 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Laura Mariana Cismaș

    (Department of Economics and Economic Modeling, West University of Timisoara, 300115 Timisoara, Romania)

  • Maria Daniela Oțil

    (Department of Economics and Economic Modeling, West University of Timisoara, 300115 Timisoara, Romania)

  • Ovidiu Toma

    (Department of Economics, Accounting and International Affairs, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania)

Abstract

Reducing inequalities within and among countries is one of the main tenets of the sustainable development paradigm and has become an important pillar at the European Union level. By adopting the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, EU countries have committed themselves to meet targets against which progress in reducing inequalities can be measured. Through the present research, we aim to analyze and assess the extent to which EU countries will achieve the specific SDG 10 targets. Based on data published by Eurostat for the period 2010–2020, we forecast the trends of the indicators until the year 2030, using a model based on the AAA (Holt–Winters) version of exponential smoothing (ETS), to assess the degree to which the assumed targets will be reached. For more detailed information, we used dynamic indices to analyze the dynamics of the progress achieved. The results showed that it is difficult to clearly distinguish one or more countries as part of a group of high or low performers in terms of the efforts made and the effects achieved in reducing inequalities. However, we could mention Poland as a good and very good performer on most of the indicators analyzed. As opposite examples, we can mention Bulgaria and Greece, for which more attention and involvement are needed in adopting measures to correct the negative trend forecast.

Suggested Citation

  • Teodor Marian Cojocaru & George H. Ionescu & Daniela Firoiu & Laura Mariana Cismaș & Maria Daniela Oțil & Ovidiu Toma, 2022. "Reducing Inequalities within and among EU Countries—Assessing the Achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Targets (SDG 10)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-22, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:13:p:7706-:d:846622
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    1. Mayte Gómez Marcos & Marcelo Ruiz Toledo & Claudio Ruff Escobar, 2022. "Towards Inclusive Higher Education: A Multivariate Analysis of Social and Gender Inequalities," Societies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Nache Cimpoeru Maria & Tenea Lili & Gruescu Riana Maria, 2023. "Sustainable Development And Health Status Of The Population," Annals - Economy Series, Constantin Brancusi University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 1, pages 226-233, February.

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