IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i13p7671-d846054.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Green Retrofitting Simulation for Sustainable Commercial Buildings in China Using a Proposed Multi-Agent Evolutionary Game

Author

Listed:
  • Sheng-Yuan Wang

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea)

  • Kyung-Tae Lee

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea)

  • Ju-Hyung Kim

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea)

Abstract

Green retrofit is regarded as an effective environmental measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in high energy-consuming commercial buildings. However, the current retrofitting rate of complex structures is lower than the expected rate. This study proposed a method of stimulating the interaction of multiple agents (government, developers, and occupants) involved in the green renovation of China’s commercial buildings. To this end, the evolutionary game theory was applied to determine the multiple interaction mechanism of the behaviors of the agents, after which the key factors affecting the contrasting behavior of developers and occupants were demonstrated, and a sensitivity analysis was performed to distinguish detailed set parameters. The major results observed are as follows: (1) occupants are less sensitive to varied conditions owing to their vulnerable economic scale, meaning that a more friendly policy environment is essential to facilitate their support; (2) government financial support, such as subsidies or compensation costs, can strongly induce more positive behavior in developers to promote green retrofit; and (3) life-cycle awareness of developers should be improved as a reasonable energy-saving performance can act as a key motivating factor to support green renovation. This research provided a comparative perspective to that of a public–private partnership model.

Suggested Citation

  • Sheng-Yuan Wang & Kyung-Tae Lee & Ju-Hyung Kim, 2022. "Green Retrofitting Simulation for Sustainable Commercial Buildings in China Using a Proposed Multi-Agent Evolutionary Game," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-32, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:13:p:7671-:d:846054
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/13/7671/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/13/7671/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nahla Hazem & Mohamed Abdelraouf & I.S. Fahim & S. El-Omari, 2020. "A Novel Green Rating System for Existing Buildings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-15, September.
    2. Liwen Chen & Mengjia Zhang & Shiwen Zhao & Junhai Ma, 2021. "Game Analysis of the Multiagent Evolution of Existing Building Green Retrofitting from the Perspective of Green Credit," Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Hindawi, vol. 2021, pages 1-19, June.
    3. Shilei, Lv & Yong, Wu, 2009. "Target-oriented obstacle analysis by PESTEL modeling of energy efficiency retrofit for existing residential buildings in China's northern heating region," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 2098-2101, June.
    4. Bishwa S Koirala & Alok K Bohara, 2021. "Do energy efficiency building codes help minimize the efficiency gap in the U.S.? A dynamic panel data approach," Energy & Environment, , vol. 32(3), pages 506-518, May.
    5. Ying Zhang & Jian Kang & Hong Jin, 2018. "A Review of Green Building Development in China from the Perspective of Energy Saving," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-18, February.
    6. Nataša Šuman & Mojca Marinič & Milan Kuhta, 2020. "A Methodological Framework for Sustainable Office Building Renovation Using Green Building Rating Systems and Cost-Benefit Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-21, July.
    7. Reshna Raveendran & Ahmed Hassan & Kheira Anissa Tabet Aoul, 2020. "Diagnoses for Potential Enaction of Water–Energy Nexus in Green Building Rating Systems: Case Study of the Pearl Rating System of United Arab Emirates," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-17, October.
    8. Avinash Kumar Singh & Kampan Mukherjee, 2022. "A penalty-reward system for pro-environmental project execution," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(6), pages 477-483, March.
    9. Ming-Qiang Huang & Rui-Juan Lin, 2022. "Evolutionary Game Analysis of Energy-Saving Renovations of Existing Rural Residential Buildings from the Perspective of Stakeholders," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-20, May.
    10. Katia Perini & Fabio Magrassi & Andrea Giachetta & Luca Moreschi & Michela Gallo & Adriana Del Borghi, 2021. "Environmental Sustainability of Building Retrofit through Vertical Greening Systems: A Life-Cycle Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, April.
    11. Li, Y. & Kubicki, S. & Guerriero, A. & Rezgui, Y., 2019. "Review of building energy performance certification schemes towards future improvement," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1-1.
    12. Shen, Pengyuan & Braham, William & Yi, Yunkyu & Eaton, Eric, 2019. "Rapid multi-objective optimization with multi-year future weather condition and decision-making support for building retrofit," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 892-912.
    13. Xu, Peng & Xu, Tengfang & Shen, Pengyuan, 2013. "Energy and behavioral impacts of integrative retrofits for residential buildings: What is at stake for building energy policy reforms in northern China?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 667-676.
    14. Jung, Wooyoung & Jazizadeh, Farrokh, 2019. "Human-in-the-loop HVAC operations: A quantitative review on occupancy, comfort, and energy-efficiency dimensions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 1471-1508.
    15. da Graça Carvalho, Maria, 2012. "EU energy and climate change strategy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 19-22.
    16. Hou, Jing & Liu, Yisheng & Wu, Yong & Zhou, Nan & Feng, Wei, 2016. "Comparative study of commercial building energy-efficiency retrofit policies in four pilot cities in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 204-215.
    17. Xiaonuan Sun & Zhonghua Gou & Yi Lu & Yiqi Tao, 2018. "Strengths and Weaknesses of Existing Building Green Retrofits: Case Study of a LEED EBOM Gold Project," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-18, July.
    18. Chidiac, S.E. & Catania, E.J.C. & Morofsky, E. & Foo, S., 2011. "Effectiveness of single and multiple energy retrofit measures on the energy consumption of office buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 5037-5052.
    19. Liu, Guo & Li, Xiaohu & Tan, Yongtao & Zhang, Guomin, 2020. "Building green retrofit in China: Policies, barriers and recommendations," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    20. Wang, Qian & Hubacek, Klaus & Feng, Kuishuang & Wei, Yi-Ming & Liang, Qiao-Mei, 2016. "Distributional effects of carbon taxation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 1123-1131.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Li, Qianwen & Qian, Tingyu & Wang, Jiaqi & Long, Ruyin & Chen, Hong & Sun, Chuanwang, 2023. "Social “win-win” promotion of green housing under the four-subject evolutionary game," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(PA).
    2. Ying Xie & Yisheng Liu, 2022. "Tripartite Evolutionary Game Analysis of Stakeholder Decision-Making Behavior in Energy-Efficient Retrofitting of Office Buildings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-22, September.
    3. U. G. D. Madushika & Thanuja Ramachandra & Gayani Karunasena & P. A. D. S. Udakara, 2023. "Energy Retrofitting Technologies of Buildings: A Review-Based Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-16, June.
    4. Acinia Nindartin & Hee-Woon Moon & Sang-Jun Park & Kyung-Tae Lee & Jin-Bin Im & Ju-Hyung Kim, 2022. "Influencing of the Building Energy Policies upon the Efficiency of Energy Consumption: The Case of Courthouse Buildings in South Korea," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-17, September.
    5. Zihan Zhang & Junkang Song & Wanjiang Wang, 2023. "Study on the Behavior Strategy of the Subject of Low-Carbon Retrofit of Residential Buildings Based on Tripartite Evolutionary Game," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-25, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yu Cao & Cong Xu & Syahrul Nizam Kamaruzzaman & Nur Mardhiyah Aziz, 2022. "A Systematic Review of Green Building Development in China: Advantages, Challenges and Future Directions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-29, September.
    2. Ying Xie & Yisheng Liu, 2022. "Tripartite Evolutionary Game Analysis of Stakeholder Decision-Making Behavior in Energy-Efficient Retrofitting of Office Buildings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-22, September.
    3. Wiethe, Christian & Wenninger, Simon, 2023. "The influence of building energy performance prediction accuracy on retrofit rates," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    4. Zhang, Shicong & Wang, Ke & Xu, Wei & Iyer-Raniga, Usha & Athienitis, Andreas & Ge, Hua & Cho, Dong woo & Feng, Wei & Okumiya, Masaya & Yoon, Gyuyoung & Mazria, Edward & Lyu, Yanjie, 2021. "Policy recommendations for the zero energy building promotion towards carbon neutral in Asia-Pacific Region," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    5. U. G. D. Madushika & Thanuja Ramachandra & Gayani Karunasena & P. A. D. S. Udakara, 2023. "Energy Retrofitting Technologies of Buildings: A Review-Based Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-16, June.
    6. Liu, Guo & Li, Xiaohu & Tan, Yongtao & Zhang, Guomin, 2020. "Building green retrofit in China: Policies, barriers and recommendations," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    7. Yuanda Hong & Collins I. Ezeh & Wu Deng & Sung-Hugh Hong & Zhen Peng, 2019. "Building Energy Retrofit Measures in Hot-Summer–Cold-Winter Climates: A Case Study in Shanghai," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-32, September.
    8. Suyang Xue & Jiaming Na & Libin Wang & Shuangjun Wang & Xiaoxiao Xu, 2023. "The Outlook of Green Building Development in China during the “Fourteenth Five-Year Plan” Period," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-22, March.
    9. Hongbing Li & Yuran Xiang & Yaohui Xia & Wanjun Yang & Xiaoting Tang & Tao Lin, 2023. "What Are the Obstacles to Promoting Photovoltaic Green Roofs in Existing Buildings? The Integrated Fuzzy DEMATEL-ISM-ANP Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-24, December.
    10. Ma, Dingyuan & Li, Xiaodong & Lin, Borong & Zhu, Yimin, 2023. "An intelligent retrofit decision-making model for building program planning considering tacit knowledge and multiple objectives," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PB).
    11. Garg, Amit & Maheshwari, Jyoti & Shukla, P.R. & Rawal, Rajan, 2017. "Energy appliance transformation in commercial buildings in India under alternate policy scenarios," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 952-965.
    12. Jing, Gang & Cai, Wenjian & Zhang, Xin & Cui, Can & Yin, Xiaohong & Xian, Huacai, 2019. "An energy-saving oriented air balancing strategy for multi-zone demand-controlled ventilation system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1053-1065.
    13. Brown, Marilyn A. & Li, Yufei & Soni, Anmol, 2020. "Are all jobs created equal? Regional employment impacts of a U.S. carbon tax," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    14. Parupudi, Ranga Vihari & Singh, Harjit & Kolokotroni, Maria, 2020. "Low Concentrating Photovoltaics (LCPV) for buildings and their performance analyses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    15. Wenxiao Chu & Maria Vicidomini & Francesco Calise & Neven Duić & Poul Alborg Østergaard & Qiuwang Wang & Maria da Graça Carvalho, 2022. "Recent Advances in Low-Carbon and Sustainable, Efficient Technology: Strategies and Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-30, April.
    16. Garfield Wayne Hunter & Gideon Sagoe & Daniele Vettorato & Ding Jiayu, 2019. "Sustainability of Low Carbon City Initiatives in China: A Comprehensive Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-37, August.
    17. Anna Laura Pisello & Gloria Pignatta & Veronica Lucia Castaldo & Franco Cotana, 2014. "Experimental Analysis of Natural Gravel Covering as Cool Roofing and Cool Pavement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-17, July.
    18. Linyan Chen & Xin Gao & Shitao Gong & Zhou Li, 2020. "Regionalization of Green Building Development in China: A Comprehensive Evaluation Model Based on the Catastrophe Progression Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-22, July.
    19. Liotta,Charlotte & Avner,Paolo & Viguié,Vincent & Selod,Harris & Hallegatte,Stephane, 2022. "Climate Policy and Inequality in Urban Areas : Beyond Incomes," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10185, The World Bank.
    20. Pottier, Antonin, 2022. "Expenditure elasticity and income elasticity of GHG emissions: A survey of literature on household carbon footprint," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:13:p:7671-:d:846054. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.