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Electric Buses in Malaysia: Policies, Innovations, Technologies and Life Cycle Evaluations

Author

Listed:
  • Ali Saadon Al-Ogaili

    (Institute of Power Engineering (IPE), University Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia)

  • Ali Q. Al-Shetwi

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Fahad Bin Sultan University, Tabuk 71454, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Fahad Bin Sultan University, Tabuk 71454, Saudi Arabia)

  • Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad 500075, India
    Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nisantasi University, Istanbul 34398, Turkey)

  • Yap Hoon

    (School of Engineering, Faculty of Innovation and Technology, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia)

  • Majid A. Abdullah

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Community College, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia)

  • Ameer Alhasan

    (Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Malaysia)

  • Ammar Al-Sharaa

    (Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

Abstract

A large-scale adoption of electric buses (EBs) is a promising solution to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector. In the upcoming decades, the development of EB technologies will be initiated worldwide, including in Malaysia. Government policies to support EB deployments have been widely established. Therefore, Malaysia’s National Automotive Policy has stated a roadmap of policies to promote a national groundwork accordingly. Following the elaboration of Malaysia’s goals for EBs deployments by 2014 and 2020, there are crucial associated topics for EBs implementation, including EB innovations and technologies adoption. This study presents a deep discussion about the groundwork of EB innovations that have been initiated in Malaysia to meet the roadmap targets. This paper also comprehensively reviews the technical specifications of EB innovation technologies, including Electric Bus Innovation Malaysia, Malaysia Automotive Institute, and Go Auto prototypes. In addition, this study outlines the EB technologies that have been launched in three states in Malaysia, known as Putrajaya, Melaka, and Sarawak. Furthermore, a generic framework for life cycle assessments of EB is presented, focusing on the economic and environmental impacts. This framework provides the necessary groundwork for further studies on charging infrastructure requirements.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali Saadon Al-Ogaili & Ali Q. Al-Shetwi & Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu & Yap Hoon & Majid A. Abdullah & Ameer Alhasan & Ammar Al-Sharaa, 2021. "Electric Buses in Malaysia: Policies, Innovations, Technologies and Life Cycle Evaluations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-22, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:21:p:11577-:d:660471
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mena ElMenshawy & Ahmed Massoud, 2022. "Medium-Voltage DC-DC Converter Topologies for Electric Bus Fast Charging Stations: State-of-the-Art Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Ali Saadon Al-Ogaili & Ali Q. Al-Shetwi & Hussein M. K. Al-Masri & Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu & Yap Hoon & Khaled Alzaareer & N. V. Phanendra Babu, 2021. "Review of the Estimation Methods of Energy Consumption for Battery Electric Buses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-28, November.
    3. Naihui Wang & Yulong Pei & Yi-Jia Wang, 2022. "Antecedents in Determining Users’ Acceptance of Electric Shuttle Bus Services," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(16), pages 1-19, August.

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