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The Transformation of Food Culture on the Case of Kyrgyz Nomads—A Historical Overview

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  • Aiperi Otunchieva

    (Specialised Partnerships in Sustainable Food Systems and Food Sovereignty, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany)

  • Jorobek Borbodoev

    (Department of Philosophy and Humanitarian Disciplines, Faculty of Humanitarian Knowledge, Kyrgyz State University Named after I. Arabaev, Bishkek 720026, Kyrgyzstan)

  • Angelika Ploeger

    (Specialised Partnerships in Sustainable Food Systems and Food Sovereignty, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany)

Abstract

The society in Kyrgyzstan experiences a triple burden of malnutrition which occurs when undernutrition, overnutrition and micronutrient deficiency coexists, straining the public health system. This research investigates historical trends of nutrition transition of nomadic and semi-nomadic Kyrgyz and foods consumed earlier before industrialisation and intensification of agriculture started. Qualitative research design inspired by historical analysis and sociological methods were employed. Saturation sampling was used to conduct 15 semi-structural interviews and informal conversations with non-participant observation. Secondary data analysis was conducted based on Kyrgyz nomads’ scientific studies from history and anthropology, agricultural politics and nutrition studies. Results suggest that Kyrgyz nomads have undergone several periods of change of social and political order since the mid-19th century till nowadays from nomadic tribe-based system to predominantly sedentarism and limited semi-nomadic lifestyle. The collectivisation of farms, urbanisation and planned type of economy led to shifts in lifestyle and diets. Furthermore, with trade liberalisation and open economy policies, the entrance of food corporations impacted the nutritional status of the population. The study also reveals several traditional foods rich in nutrients. Consumption of forgotten and neglected plants might improve the nutrition status of the current population. Nutrition intervention programs should definitely consider locally available foods as part of public nutrition.

Suggested Citation

  • Aiperi Otunchieva & Jorobek Borbodoev & Angelika Ploeger, 2021. "The Transformation of Food Culture on the Case of Kyrgyz Nomads—A Historical Overview," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-19, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:15:p:8371-:d:602330
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pingali, Prabhu, 2007. "Westernization of Asian diets and the transformation of food systems: Implications for research and policy," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 281-298, June.
    2. Shigaeva, Jyldyz & Darr, Dietrich, 2020. "On the socio-economic importance of natural and planted walnut (Juglans regia L.) forests in the Silk Road countries: A systematic review," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Xuehui Zhang & Wenjing Zhang & Zekui Ning, 2023. "The Evolving Status of Agricultural Products in the Global Value Chain since China and Kyrgyzstan Established Diplomatic Relations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-15, February.
    2. Jamilah Mohd Salim & Siti Nursyadiq Anuar & Khatijah Omar & Tengku Rozaina Tengku Mohamad & Nur Azura Sanusi, 2023. "The Impacts of Traditional Ecological Knowledge towards Indigenous Peoples: A Systematic Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-22, January.
    3. Kimsanova, Barchynai & Sanaev, Golib & Herzfeld, Thomas, 2022. "Dynamics of food consumption during political instability: evidence from Kyrgyzstan," 96th Annual Conference, April 4-6, 2022, K U Leuven, Belgium 321213, Agricultural Economics Society - AES.

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