IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v12y2020i6p2358-d333772.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

How to Help Crowded Destinations: Tourist Anger vs. Sympathy and Role of Destination Social Responsibility

Author

Listed:
  • Hae-Ryong Kim

    (Department of Business Administration, Konkuk University Glocal Campus, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 27478, Korea)

  • So-Yeon Yoon

    (Department of Design and Environmental Analysis, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA)

Abstract

Crowding at destinations is becoming an important issue in sustainable tourism. This study examines the relationship between tourist perceptions of crowding, environmentally responsible behavior (ERB), and intention to recommend a destination, from a helping behavior perspective. It proposes two discrete emotions, in particular anger and sympathy, to understand how tourist perceptions of crowding affect their helping behavior. We collected data through an online survey of tourists who had visited Jeju Island, which has emerged as Korea’s tourism hub. We performed structural equation modeling (SEM) and regression analysis to empirically test the research model. The results reveal that while tourist perceptions of spatial crowding positively impact both anger and sympathy, human crowding perceptions do not link to them. Further, we investigated the incompatible roles of anger and sympathy in tourist ERB and intention to recommend. Whereas anger weakens tourist ERB and intention to recommend, sympathy may strengthen them. This study also examined whether destination social responsibility (DSR) moderates the impact of crowding perceptions on the aforementioned emotions. In addition to encouraging relevant studies, we emphasize the importance of DSR, given the need for destination management organizations and tourism managers to understand tourists’ emotional responses and helping behavior at crowded destinations.

Suggested Citation

  • Hae-Ryong Kim & So-Yeon Yoon, 2020. "How to Help Crowded Destinations: Tourist Anger vs. Sympathy and Role of Destination Social Responsibility," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:6:p:2358-:d:333772
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/6/2358/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/6/2358/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eroglu, Sevgin A. & Machleit, Karen & Barr, Terri Feldman, 2005. "Perceived retail crowding and shopping satisfaction: the role of shopping values," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 58(8), pages 1146-1153, August.
    2. Jiunn-Ger Tony Li & Jai-Ok Kim & So Young Lee, 2009. "An empirical examination of perceived retail crowding, emotions, and retail outcomes," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(5), pages 635-652, May.
    3. Bougie, J.R.G. & Pieters, R. & Zeelenberg, M., 2003. "Angry customers don't come back, they get back : The experience and behavioral implications of anger and dissatisfaction in services," Other publications TiSEM 1708fb71-fd68-41d9-b870-e, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    4. Kir Kuščer & Tanja Mihalič, 2019. "Residents’ Attitudes towards Overtourism from the Perspective of Tourism Impacts and Cooperation—The Case of Ljubljana," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-16, March.
    5. Su, Lujun & Swanson, Scott R., 2017. "The effect of destination social responsibility on tourist environmentally responsible behavior: Compared analysis of first-time and repeat tourists," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 308-321.
    6. Andrea C. Morales, 2005. "Giving Firms an "E" for Effort: Consumer Responses to High-Effort Firms," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 31(4), pages 806-812, March.
    7. Su, Lujun & Huang, Songshan (Sam) & Pearce, Joanna, 2018. "How does destination social responsibility contribute to environmentally responsible behaviour? A destination resident perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 179-189.
    8. Han, Heesup, 2015. "Travelers' pro-environmental behavior in a green lodging context: Converging value-belief-norm theory and the theory of planned behavior," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 164-177.
    9. Cesare Amatulli & Matteo Angelis & Alessandro M. Peluso & Isabella Soscia & Gianluigi Guido, 2019. "The Effect of Negative Message Framing on Green Consumption: An Investigation of the Role of Shame," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 157(4), pages 1111-1132, July.
    10. Laros, Fleur J.M. & Steenkamp, Jan-Benedict E.M., 2005. "Emotions in consumer behavior: a hierarchical approach," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 58(10), pages 1437-1445, October.
    11. Cheon Yu & Yun Seop Hwang, 2019. "Do the Social Responsibility Efforts of the Destination Affect the Loyalty of Tourists?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-17, April.
    12. Qian Jin & Hui Hu & Philip Kavan, 2016. "Factors Influencing Perceived Crowding of Tourists and Sustainable Tourism Destination Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-17, September.
    13. Dianne Hofenk & Marcel Birgelen & Josée Bloemer & Janjaap Semeijn, 2019. "How and When Retailers’ Sustainability Efforts Translate into Positive Consumer Responses: The Interplay Between Personal and Social Factors," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 156(2), pages 473-492, May.
    14. Chia-Pin Yu & Shu Tian Cole & Charles Chancellor, 2018. "Resident Support for Tourism Development in Rural Midwestern (USA) Communities: Perceived Tourism Impacts and Community Quality of Life Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-17, March.
    15. Grappi, Silvia & Romani, Simona & Bagozzi, Richard P., 2013. "Consumer response to corporate irresponsible behavior: Moral emotions and virtues," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(10), pages 1814-1821.
    16. Escalas, Jennifer Edson & Stern, Barbara B, 2003. "Sympathy and Empathy: Emotional Responses to Advertising Dramas," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 29(4), pages 566-578, March.
    17. Jacobsen, Jens Kr. Steen & Iversen, Nina M. & Hem, Leif E., 2019. "Hotspot crowding and over-tourism: Antecedents of destination attractiveness," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 53-66.
    18. Won-Moo Hur & Tae-Won Moon & Sung-Hoon Ko, 2018. "How Employees’ Perceptions of CSR Increase Employee Creativity: Mediating Mechanisms of Compassion at Work and Intrinsic Motivation," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 153(3), pages 629-644, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Elsie Nasr & Okechukwu Lawrence Emeagwali & Hasan Yousef Aljuhmani & Souha Al-Geitany, 2022. "Destination Social Responsibility and Residents’ Environmentally Responsible Behavior: Assessing the Mediating Role of Community Attachment and Involvement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-26, October.
    2. Katalin Lőrincz & Zsuzsanna Banász & János Csapó, 2020. "Customer Involvement in Sustainable Tourism Planning at Lake Balaton, Hungary—Analysis of the Consumer Preferences of the Active Cycling Tourists," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-18, June.
    3. Tatjana Mamula Nikolić & Sanja Popović Pantić & Ivan Paunović & Sanja Filipović, 2021. "Sustainable Travel Decision-Making of Europeans: Insights from a Household Survey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-21, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wei Zheng & Hongliang Qiu & Alastair M. Morrison & Wei Wei & Xihua Zhang, 2022. "Landscape and Unique Fascination: A Dual-Case Study on the Antecedents of Tourist Pro-Environmental Behavioral Intentions," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-20, March.
    2. Wu, Chih-Wen, 2015. "Facebook users' intentions in risk communication and food-safety issues," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(11), pages 2242-2247.
    3. Su, Lujun & Hsu, Maxwell K. & Boostrom, Robert E., 2020. "From recreation to responsibility: Increasing environmentally responsible behavior in tourism," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 557-573.
    4. Garaus, Marion & Wagner, Udo, 2016. "Retail shopper confusion: Conceptualization, scale development, and consequences," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(9), pages 3459-3467.
    5. Heyes, Anthony & Kapur, Sandeep, 2012. "Angry customers, e-word-of-mouth and incentives for quality provision," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 84(3), pages 813-828.
    6. Abdullah Uslu & Emrullah Erul & José António C. Santos & Sanja Obradović & Margarida Custódio Santos, 2023. "Determinants of Residents’ Support for Sustainable Tourism Development: An Empirical Study in Midyat, Turkey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-14, June.
    7. Jacobsen, Jens Kr. Steen & Iversen, Nina M. & Hem, Leif E., 2019. "Hotspot crowding and over-tourism: Antecedents of destination attractiveness," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 53-66.
    8. Yang Li & Dandan Yang & Yingying Liu, 2021. "The Effect of Message Framing on Consumers’ Intentions to Purchase Recycling-Aiding Products in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-17, June.
    9. Cheon Yu & Yun Seop Hwang, 2019. "Do the Social Responsibility Efforts of the Destination Affect the Loyalty of Tourists?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-17, April.
    10. Moisés Simancas Cruz & María Pilar Peñarrubia Zaragoza, 2019. "Analysis of the Accommodation Density in Coastal Tourism Areas of Insular Destinations from the Perspective of Overtourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-19, May.
    11. Lujun Su & Yinghua Huang, 2018. "How does Perceived Destination Social Responsibility Impact Revisit Intentions: The Mediating Roles of Destination Preference and Relationship Quality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-22, December.
    12. Creed, Bernard & Ning Shen, Kathy & Ashill, Nick & Wu, Tianshi, 2021. "Retail shopping at airports: Making travellers buy again," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 293-307.
    13. Su, Lujun & Huang, Songshan (Sam) & Pearce, Joanna, 2018. "How does destination social responsibility contribute to environmentally responsible behaviour? A destination resident perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 179-189.
    14. Kim, Junghyun & Park, Taehoon, 2020. "How corporate social responsibility (CSR) saves a company: The role of gratitude in buffering vindictive consumer behavior from product failures," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 461-472.
    15. Blut, Markus & Iyer, Gopalkrishnan R., 2020. "Consequences of Perceived Crowding: A Meta-Analytical Perspective," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 96(3), pages 362-382.
    16. Laros, Fleur J.M. & Steenkamp, Jan-Benedict E.M., 2005. "Emotions in consumer behavior: a hierarchical approach," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 58(10), pages 1437-1445, October.
    17. Thomas, Veronica L. & Saenger, Christina, 2020. "Feeling excluded? Join the crowd: How social exclusion affects approach behavior toward consumer-dense retail environments," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 520-528.
    18. Vikas Singla & Gaurav Gupta, 2019. "Emotional Branding Scale and Its Role in Formation of Brand Trust," Paradigm, , vol. 23(2), pages 148-163, December.
    19. Mihai F. Băcilă & Raluca Ciornea & Luiza M. Souca & Alexandra M. Drule, 2022. "Content Analysis on Sustainability Dimensions in DMOs’ Social Media Videos Advertising the World’s Most Visited Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-25, September.
    20. Errajaa, Karim & Hombourger-Barès, Sabrina & Audrain-Pontevia, Anne-Françoise, 2022. "Effects of the in-store crowd and employee perceptions on intentions to revisit and word-of-mouth via transactional satisfaction: A SOR approach," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:6:p:2358-:d:333772. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.