IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v12y2020i13p5291-d378497.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Flood Risk Assessment in an Underground Railway System under the Impact of Climate Change—A Case Study of the Barcelona Metro

Author

Listed:
  • Edwar Forero-Ortiz

    (Cetaqua, Water Technology Centre, Carretera d’Esplugues, 75, 08940 Cornellà de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
    Flumen Research Institute, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Calle del Gran Capità, 6, 08034 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz

    (Cetaqua, Water Technology Centre, Carretera d’Esplugues, 75, 08940 Cornellà de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
    Flumen Research Institute, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Calle del Gran Capità, 6, 08034 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Manuel Cañas Porcuna

    (TMB (Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona), Carrer 60, núm. 21-23, sector A, Pol. Ind. de la Zona Franca, 08040 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Luca Locatelli

    (AQUATEC (SUEZ Advanced Solutions), Paseo de la Zona Franca, 46-48, 08038 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Beniamino Russo

    (AQUATEC (SUEZ Advanced Solutions), Paseo de la Zona Franca, 46-48, 08038 Barcelona, Spain
    Grupo de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental (GIHA), Escuela Politécnica de La Almunia (EUPLA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Calle Mayor, 5, 50100 La Almunia de Doña Godina, Zaragoza, Spain)

Abstract

Flooding events can produce significant disturbances in underground transport systems within urban areas and lead to economic and technical consequences, which can be worsened by variations in the occurrence of climate extremes. Within the framework of the European project RESCCUE (RESilience to cope with Climate Change in Urban arEas—a multi-sectorial approach focusing on water), climate projections for the city of Barcelona manifest meaningful increases in maximum rainfall intensities for the 2100 horizon. A better comprehension of these impacts and their conditions is consequently needed. A hydrodynamic modelling process was carried out on Barcelona Metro Line 3, as it was identified as vulnerable to pluvial flooding events. The Metro line and all its components are simulated in the urban drainage models as a system of computational link and nodes reproducing the main physical characteristics like slopes and cross-sections when embedded in the current 1D/2D hydrodynamic model of Barcelona used in the project RESCCUE. This study presents a risk analysis focused on ensuring transport service continuity in flood events. The results reveal that two of the 26 stations on Metro Line 3 are exposed to a high risk of flooding in current rainfall conditions, and 11 of the 26 stations on Metro Line 3 are exposed to a high risk of flooding in future rainfall conditions for a 20-year return period event, which affects Metro service in terms of increased risk. This research gives insights for stakeholders and policymakers to enhance urban flood risk management, as a reasonable approach to tackle this issue for Metro systems worldwide. This study provides a baseline for assessing potential flood outcomes in Metro systems and can be used to evaluate adaptation measures’ effectiveness.

Suggested Citation

  • Edwar Forero-Ortiz & Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz & Manuel Cañas Porcuna & Luca Locatelli & Beniamino Russo, 2020. "Flood Risk Assessment in an Underground Railway System under the Impact of Climate Change—A Case Study of the Barcelona Metro," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-26, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:13:p:5291-:d:378497
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/13/5291/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/13/5291/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz & Manuel Gómez & Beniamino Russo, 2016. "Experimental study of the stability of pedestrians exposed to urban pluvial flooding," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 82(2), pages 1259-1278, June.
    2. Sun, Daniel (Jian) & Guan, Shituo, 2016. "Measuring vulnerability of urban metro network from line operation perspective," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 348-359.
    3. Edwar Forero-Ortiz & Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz, 2020. "Hazards threatening underground transport systems," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 100(3), pages 1243-1261, February.
    4. Alessandro Vespignani, 2010. "The fragility of interdependency," Nature, Nature, vol. 464(7291), pages 984-985, April.
    5. Demirel, Hande & Kompil, Mert & Nemry, Françoise, 2015. "A framework to analyze the vulnerability of European road networks due to Sea-Level Rise (SLR) and sea storm surges," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 62-76.
    6. Markolf, Samuel A. & Hoehne, Christopher & Fraser, Andrew & Chester, Mikhail V. & Underwood, B. Shane, 2019. "Transportation resilience to climate change and extreme weather events – Beyond risk and robustness," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 174-186.
    7. Chengpeng Wan & Zaili Yang & Di Zhang & Xinping Yan & Shiqi Fan, 2018. "Resilience in transportation systems: a systematic review and future directions," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(4), pages 479-498, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Liudan Jiao & Dongrong Li & Yu Zhang & Yinghan Zhu & Xiaosen Huo & Ya Wu, 2021. "Identification of the Key Influencing Factors of Urban Rail Transit Station Resilience against Disasters Caused by Rainstorms," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-21, November.
    2. Marc Velasco & Beniamino Russo & Robert Monjo & César Paradinas & Slobodan Djordjević & Barry Evans & Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz & Maria Guerrero-Hidalga & Maria Adriana Cardoso & Rita Salgado Brito & D, 2020. "Increased Urban Resilience to Climate Change—Key Outputs from the RESCCUE Project," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-25, November.
    3. Tianni Wang & Mark Ching-Pong Poo & Adolf K. Y. Ng & Zaili Yang, 2023. "Adapting to the Impacts Posed by Climate Change: Applying the Climate Change Risk Indicator (CCRI) Framework in a Multi-Modal Transport System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-21, May.
    4. Maria Adriana Cardoso & Maria João Telhado & Maria do Céu Almeida & Rita Salgado Brito & Cristina Pereira & João Barreiro & Marco Morais, 2020. "Following a Step by Step Development of a Resilience Action Plan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-22, October.
    5. A. H. S. Garmabaki & Adithya Thaduri & Stephen Famurewa & Uday Kumar, 2021. "Adapting Railway Maintenance to Climate Change," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-27, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Papakonstantinou, Ilia & Lee, Jinwoo & Madanat, Samer Michel, 2019. "Game theoretic approaches for highway infrastructure protection against sea level rise: Co-opetition among multiple players," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 21-37.
    2. Tang, Junqing & Xu, Lei & Luo, Chunling & Ng, Tsan Sheng Adam, 2021. "Multi-disruption resilience assessment of rail transit systems with optimized commuter flows," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    3. Pan, Shouzheng & Yan, Hai & He, Jia & He, Zhengbing, 2021. "Vulnerability and resilience of transportation systems: A recent literature review," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 581(C).
    4. Li, Tao & Rong, Lili, 2020. "A comprehensive method for the robustness assessment of high-speed rail network with operation data: A case in China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 666-681.
    5. Dong, Shangjia & Gao, Xinyu & Mostafavi, Ali & Gao, Jianxi & Gangwal, Utkarsh, 2023. "Characterizing resilience of flood-disrupted dynamic transportation network through the lens of link reliability and stability," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    6. Edwar Forero-Ortiz & Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz, 2020. "Hazards threatening underground transport systems," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 100(3), pages 1243-1261, February.
    7. Jiangang Shi & Shiping Wen & Xianbo Zhao & Guangdong Wu, 2019. "Sustainable Development of Urban Rail Transit Networks: A Vulnerability Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-24, March.
    8. Kunovjanek, Maximilian & Wankmüller, Christian, 2021. "Containing the COVID-19 pandemic with drones - Feasibility of a drone enabled back-up transport system," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 141-152.
    9. Liping Ge & Stefan Voß & Lin Xie, 2022. "Robustness and disturbances in public transport," Public Transport, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 191-261, March.
    10. Sellevåg, Stig Rune, 2021. "Changes in inoperability for interdependent industry sectors in Norway from 2012 to 2017," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 32(C).
    11. Trucco, Paolo & Petrenj, Boris, 2023. "Characterisation of resilience metrics in full-scale applications to interdependent infrastructure systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    12. J. Park & T. P. Seager & P. S. C. Rao & M. Convertino & I. Linkov, 2013. "Integrating Risk and Resilience Approaches to Catastrophe Management in Engineering Systems," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 33(3), pages 356-367, March.
    13. Beniamino Russo & Manuel Gómez Valentín & Jackson Tellez-Álvarez, 2021. "The Relevance of Grated Inlets within Surface Drainage Systems in the Field of Urban Flood Resilience. A Review of Several Experimental and Numerical Simulation Approaches," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-13, June.
    14. Xu, Xiangdong & Qu, Kai & Chen, Anthony & Yang, Chao, 2021. "A new day-to-day dynamic network vulnerability analysis approach with Weibit-based route adjustment process," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    15. Dong, Zhengcheng & Tian, Meng & Liang, Jiaqi & Fang, Yanjun & Lu, Yuxin, 2019. "Research on the connection radius of dependency links in interdependent spatial networks against cascading failures," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 513(C), pages 555-564.
    16. Noguchi, Hiroki & Fuse, Masaaki, 2020. "Rethinking critical node problem for railway networks from the perspective of turn-back operation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 558(C).
    17. Michal Monit & André Pina & Paulo Ferrão, 2016. "Linking Material Flow Analysis with Resilience Using Rice: A Case Study in Global, Visual MFA of a Key Food Product," Resources, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-15, January.
    18. Wang, Jianwei & Cai, Lin & Xu, Bo & Li, Peng & Sun, Enhui & Zhu, Zhiguo, 2016. "Out of control: Fluctuation of cascading dynamics in networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 462(C), pages 1231-1243.
    19. Xuelei Meng & Yahui Wang & Limin Jia & Lei Li, 2020. "Reliability Optimization of a Railway Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-27, November.
    20. Hong, Liu & Ye, Bowen & Yan, Han & Zhang, Hui & Ouyang, Min & (Sean) He, Xiaozheng, 2019. "Spatiotemporal vulnerability analysis of railway systems with heterogeneous train flows," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 725-744.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:13:p:5291-:d:378497. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.