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Mapping the Distribution of Water Resource Security in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region at the County Level under a Changing Context

Author

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  • Xiang Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
    State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810000, China
    Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Dongqin Yin

    (College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Xuejun Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China)

  • Barry F.W. Croke

    (Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
    Mathematical Sciences Institute, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia)

  • Danhong Guo

    (State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
    School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410000, China)

  • Jiahong Liu

    (State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China)

  • Anthony J. Jakeman

    (Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia)

  • Ruirui Zhu

    (Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia)

  • Li Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810000, China)

  • Xiangpeng Mu

    (State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China)

  • Fengran Xu

    (State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China)

  • Qian Wang

    (Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
    State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Center for Global Change and Water Cycle, Hohai University, Nanjing 210000, China)

Abstract

The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Jingjinji) region is the most densely populated region in China and suffers from severe water resource shortage, with considerable water-related issues emerging under a changing context such as construction of water diversion projects (WDP), regional synergistic development, and climate change. To this end, this paper develops a framework to examine the water resource security for 200 counties in the Jingjinji region under these changes. Thus, county-level water resource security is assessed in terms of the long-term annual mean and selected typical years (i.e., dry, normal, and wet years), with and without the WDP, and under the current and projected future (i.e., regional synergistic development and climate change). The outcomes of such scenarios are assessed based on two water-crowding indicators, two use-to-availability indicators, and one composite indicator. Results indicate first that the water resources are distributed unevenly, relatively more abundant in the northeastern counties and extremely limited in the other counties. The water resources are very limited at the regional level, with the water availability per capita and per unit gross domestic product ( GDP ) being only 279/290 m 3 and 46/18 m 3 in the current and projected future scenarios, respectively, even when considering the WDP. Second, the population carrying capacity is currently the dominant influence, while economic development will be the controlling factor in the future for most middle and southern counties. This suggests that significant improvement in water-saving technologies, vigorous replacement of industries from high to low water consumption, as well as water from other supplies for large-scale applications are greatly needed. Third, the research identifies those counties most at risk to water scarcity and shows that most of them can be greatly relieved after supplementation by the planned WDP. Finally, more attention should be paid to the southern counties because their water resources are not only limited but also much more sensitive and vulnerable to climate change. This work should benefit water resource management and allocation decisions in the Jingjinji region, and the proposed assessment framework can be applied to other similar problems.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiang Li & Dongqin Yin & Xuejun Zhang & Barry F.W. Croke & Danhong Guo & Jiahong Liu & Anthony J. Jakeman & Ruirui Zhu & Li Zhang & Xiangpeng Mu & Fengran Xu & Qian Wang, 2019. "Mapping the Distribution of Water Resource Security in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region at the County Level under a Changing Context," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-24, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:22:p:6463-:d:287827
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Yang Wei & Boyang Sun, 2021. "Optimizing Water Use Structures in Resource-Based Water-Deficient Regions Using Water Resources Input–Output Analysis: A Case Study in Hebei Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-15, April.
    2. Shouyao Xiong & Yuanyuan Feng & Kai Huang, 2020. "Optimal MTS and MTO Hybrid Production System for a Single Product Under the Cap-And-Trade Environment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Meijing Chen & Qian Zhou & Weili Duan & Qiang Xue & Cuibai Chen, 2023. "Using an improved ecological footprint model to analyze the sustainable utilization of water resources in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(8), pages 8517-8538, August.

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