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A Framework for Assessing Water Security and the Water–Energy–Food Nexus—The Case of Finland

Author

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  • Mika Marttunen

    (Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Jyri Mustajoki

    (Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Suvi Sojamo

    (Water & Development Research Group, Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, Tietotie 1E, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland)

  • Lauri Ahopelto

    (Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
    Water & Development Research Group, Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, Tietotie 1E, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland)

  • Marko Keskinen

    (Water & Development Research Group, Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, Tietotie 1E, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland)

Abstract

Water security demands guaranteeing economic, social and environmental sustainability and simultaneously addressing the diversity of risks and threats related to water. Various frameworks have been suggested to support water security assessment. They are typically based on indexes enabling national comparisons; these may, however, oversimplify complex and often contested water issues. We developed a structured and systemic way to assess water security and its future trends via a participatory process. The framework establishes a criteria hierarchy for water security, consisting of four main themes: the state of the water environment; human health and well-being; the sustainability of livelihoods; and the stability, functions and responsibility of society. The framework further enables the analysis of relationships between the water security criteria as well as between water, energy and food security. The framework was applied to a national water security assessment of Finland in 2018 and 2030. Our experience indicates that using the framework collaboratively with stakeholders provides a meaningful way to improve understanding and to facilitate discussion about the state of water security and the actions needed for its improvement.

Suggested Citation

  • Mika Marttunen & Jyri Mustajoki & Suvi Sojamo & Lauri Ahopelto & Marko Keskinen, 2019. "A Framework for Assessing Water Security and the Water–Energy–Food Nexus—The Case of Finland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-24, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:10:p:2900-:d:233245
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    2. Juliana Marcal & Blanca Antizar-Ladislao & Jan Hofman, 2021. "Addressing Water Security: An Overview," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-18, December.

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