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Considering Water Quality of Urban Rivers from the Perspectives of Unpleasant Odor

Author

Listed:
  • Yukako Sado-Inamura

    (Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability, United Nations University, 5-53-70 Jingumae, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8925, Japan)

  • Kensuke Fukushi

    (Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan)

Abstract

Surface water degradation in urban areas is a common problem in many countries, and degradation hampers ecosystem services provided by rivers, having negative impacts on aquatic organisms and human beings. Unpleasant odor arising from impaired rivers causes annoyance to people, and the study quantitatively analyzed unpleasantness of odor in Tokyo through the application of hedonic tones of odor. Unpleasantness remained or worsened while overall dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration increased downstream. The phenomenon is considered to be caused by multiple external factors, such as combined sewer outflow, hypoxia at Tokyo Bay, and effluent from water reclamation centers (WRC). Converting descriptive odor types into numeric values helped to see changes over time and enabled to depict the relation between DO concentration and the type of odor. In Tokyo, the ratio of effluent from WRC to stream flow increased over time, and it partially contributed to odor becoming more unpleasant. Malodor is no longer a major issue since the situation improved by developing an advanced treatment facility; however, human olfactory sense detects the existence of unpleasant odor in urban rivers. The study presented the complexity of analyzing odor problems in tidal urban areas because these are caused by external factors.

Suggested Citation

  • Yukako Sado-Inamura & Kensuke Fukushi, 2018. "Considering Water Quality of Urban Rivers from the Perspectives of Unpleasant Odor," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:650-:d:134060
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    2. André Sorensen, 2003. "Building world city Tokyo: Globalization and conflict over urban space," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 37(3), pages 519-531, August.
    3. Cribari-Neto, Francisco & Zeileis, Achim, 2010. "Beta Regression in R," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 34(i02).
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    Cited by:

    1. Oghenekaro Nelson Odume & Blessing Nonye Onyima & Chika Felicitas Nnadozie & Gift Ochonogor Omovoh & Thandi Mmachaka & Blessing Odafe Omovoh & Jude Edafe Uku & Frank Chukwuzuoke Akamagwuna & Francis O, 2022. "Governance and Institutional Drivers of Ecological Degradation in Urban River Ecosystems: Insights from Case Studies in African Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-14, October.
    2. Magdalena Wojnarowska & Mariusz Soltysik & Pawel Turek & Jerzy Szakiel, 2020. "Odour Nuisance As a Consequence of Preparation for Circular Economy," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(1), pages 128-142.
    3. Guolei Chen & Jing Luo & Chunyan Zhang & Liang Jiang & Lingling Tian & Guangping Chen, 2018. "Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Spatial Differentiation of Urban Black and Odorous Waters in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-17, December.
    4. Ahmad, Shakeel & Jia, Haifeng & Chen, Zhengxia & Li, Qian & Xu, Changqing, 2020. "Water-energy nexus and energy efficiency: A systematic analysis of urban water systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).

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