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Corn and Wheat Residue Management Effects on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Mid-Atlantic USA

Author

Listed:
  • Martin L. Battaglia

    (Center for Sustainability Science, The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA 22203, USA)

  • Wade E. Thomason

    (School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA)

  • John H. Fike

    (School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA)

  • Gregory K. Evanylo

    (School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA)

  • Ryan D. Stewart

    (School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA)

  • Cole D. Gross

    (Department of Renewable Resources, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada)

  • Mahmoud F. Seleiman

    (Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom 32514, Egypt)

  • Emre Babur

    (Soil and Ecology Department, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaraş 46050, Turkey
    Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA)

  • Amir Sadeghpour

    (Crop, Soil, and Environment Program, School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA)

  • Matthew Tom Harrison

    (Tasmanian Insititute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia)

Abstract

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from crop residue management have been studied extensively, yet the effects of harvesting more than one crop residue in a rotation have not been reported. Here, we measured the short-term changes in methane (CH 4 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions in response to residue removal from continuous corn ( Zea mays L.) (CC) and corn–wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)–soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) (CWS) rotations in the Mid-Atlantic USA. A first experiment retained five corn stover rates (0, 3.33, 6.66, 10, and 20 Mg ha −1 ) in a continuous corn (CC) in Blacksburg, VA, in 2016 and 2017. Two other experiments, initiated during the wheat and corn phases of the CWS rotation in New Kent, VA, utilized a factorial combination of retained corn (0, 3.33, 6.66, and 10.0 Mg ha −1 ) and wheat residue (0, 1, 2, and 3 Mg ha −1 ). Soybean residue was not varied. Different crop retention rates did not affect CO 2 fluxes in any of the field studies. In Blacksburg, retaining 5 Mg ha −1 stover or more increased CH 4 and N 2 O emissions by ~25%. Maximum CH4 and N 2 O fluxes (4.16 and 5.94 mg m −2 day −1 ) occurred with 200% (20 Mg ha −1 ) retention. Two cycles of stover management in Blacksburg, and one cycle of corn or wheat residue management in New Kent did not affect GHG fluxes. This study is the first to investigate the effects of crop residue on GHG emissions in a multi-crop system in humid temperate zones. Longer-term studies are warranted to understand crop residue management effects on GHG emissions in these systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin L. Battaglia & Wade E. Thomason & John H. Fike & Gregory K. Evanylo & Ryan D. Stewart & Cole D. Gross & Mahmoud F. Seleiman & Emre Babur & Amir Sadeghpour & Matthew Tom Harrison, 2022. "Corn and Wheat Residue Management Effects on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Mid-Atlantic USA," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:6:p:846-:d:831912
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Paul B. Thompson, 2012. "The Agricultural Ethics of Biofuels: The Food vs. Fuel Debate," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 2(4), pages 1-20, November.
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