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Horizon Scan of Transboundary Concerns Impacting Snow Leopard Landscapes in Asia

Author

Listed:
  • Hameeda Sultan

    (School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Wajid Rashid

    (School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Mingora Swat 19130, Pakistan)

  • Jianbin Shi

    (School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Inam ur Rahim

    (Centre for Applied Policy Research in Livestock (CAPRIL), Department of Climate Change and Livestock, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan)

  • Mohammad Nafees

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan)

  • Eve Bohnett

    (Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA)

  • Sajid Rashid

    (School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Muhammad Tariq Khan

    (Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Taipo, New Territories, Hong Kong, China)

  • Izaz Ali Shah

    (School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Heesup Han

    (College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea)

  • Antonio Ariza-Montes

    (Social Matters Research Group, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, C/Escritor Castilla Aguayo, 4, 14004 Córdoba, Spain)

Abstract

The high-altitude region of Asia is prone to natural resource degradation caused by a variety of natural and anthropogenic factors that also threaten the habitat of critical top predator species, the snow leopard ( Panthera uncia ). The snow leopard’s landscape encompasses parts of the twelve Asian countries and is dominated by pastoral societies within arid mountainous terrain. However, no investigation has assessed the vulnerability and pathways towards long-term sustainability on the global snow leopard landscape scale. Thus, the current study reviewed 123 peer-reviewed scientific publications on the existing knowledge, identified gaps, and proposed sustainable mitigation options for the longer term and on larger landscape levels in the range countries. The natural resource degradation in this region is caused by various social, economic, and ecological threats that negatively affect its biodiversity. The factors that make the snow leopard landscapes vulnerable include habitat fragmentation through border fencing, trade corridor infrastructure, non-uniform conservation policies, human–snow leopard conflict, the increasing human population, climatic change, land use and cover changes, and unsustainable tourism. Thus, conservation of the integrated Socio-Ecological System (SES) prevailing in this region requires a multi-pronged approach. This paper proposes solutions and identifies the pathways through which to implement these solutions. The prerequisite to implementing such solutions is the adoption of cross-border collaboration (regional cooperation), the creation of peace parks, readiness to integrate transnational and cross-sectoral conservation policies, a focus on improving livestock management practices, a preparedness to control human population growth, a readiness to mitigate climate change, initiating transboundary landscape-level habitat conservation, adopting environment-friendly trade corridors, and promoting sustainable tourism. Sustainable development in this region encompasses the political, social, economic, and ecological landscapes across the borders.

Suggested Citation

  • Hameeda Sultan & Wajid Rashid & Jianbin Shi & Inam ur Rahim & Mohammad Nafees & Eve Bohnett & Sajid Rashid & Muhammad Tariq Khan & Izaz Ali Shah & Heesup Han & Antonio Ariza-Montes, 2022. "Horizon Scan of Transboundary Concerns Impacting Snow Leopard Landscapes in Asia," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-22, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:2:p:248-:d:743937
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    3. Faiqa Falak & Farsom Ayub & Zunaira Zahid & Zouina Sarfraz & Azza Sarfraz & Karla Robles-Velasco & Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda, 2022. "Indicators of Climate Change, Geospatial and Analytical Mapping of Trends in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh: An Observational Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-18, December.
    4. Hameeda Sultan & Jinyan Zhan & Wajid Rashid & Xi Chu & Eve Bohnett, 2022. "Systematic Review of Multi-Dimensional Vulnerabilities in the Himalayas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-20, September.
    5. Muhammad Khurshid & Mohammad Nafees & Abdullah Khan & He Yin & Wahid Ullah & Wajid Rashid & Heesup Han & Akhtar Hussain Lashari, 2022. "Off-Season Agriculture Encroachment in the Uplands of Northern Pakistan: Need for Sustainable Land Management," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-14, April.

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