IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijfss/v12y2024i1p24-d1351116.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Decision Rules for Corporate Investment

Author

Listed:
  • Reinier de Adelhart Toorop

    (Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, 3062 PA Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Dirk Schoenmaker

    (Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, 3062 PA Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Willem Schramade

    (Centre for Corporate Reporting, Finance & Tax, Nyenrode Business University, 3621 BG Breukelen, The Netherlands)

Abstract

We investigate the decision rules for corporate investment by designing a company value frontier. This company value frontier allows for balancing the financial value and social and environmental impacts. This article develops novel value concepts—ranging from shareholder value to shareholder welfare and integrated value—resulting in varying preferences for social and environmental impacts or values. Next, these preferences are incorporated in investment decision rules. The traditional net present value (NPV) rule optimises only the financial value. We propose a new integrated present value (IPV) decision rule that includes a preference for social and environmental values without neglecting the financial value. By applying the new IPV rule, responsible companies are able to achieve more sustainable outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Reinier de Adelhart Toorop & Dirk Schoenmaker & Willem Schramade, 2024. "Decision Rules for Corporate Investment," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijfss:v:12:y:2024:i:1:p:24-:d:1351116
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7072/12/1/24/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7072/12/1/24/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Azar, José & Duro, Miguel & Kadach, Igor & Ormazabal, Gaizka, 2021. "The Big Three and corporate carbon emissions around the world," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(2), pages 674-696.
    2. Mathieu Gomes & Sylvain Marsat, 2018. "Does CSR impact premiums in M&A transactions?," Post-Print hal-01671217, HAL.
    3. Melissa A. Harclerode & Pankaj Lal & Michael E. Miller, 2016. "Quantifying Global Impacts to Society from the Consumption of Natural Resources during Environmental Remediation Activities," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 20(3), pages 410-422, June.
    4. Avinash K. Dixit & Robert S. Pindyck, 1994. "Investment under Uncertainty," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 5474.
    5. Dyck, Alexander & Lins, Karl V. & Roth, Lukas & Wagner, Hannes F., 2019. "Do institutional investors drive corporate social responsibility? International evidence," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(3), pages 693-714.
    6. Yeuseung Kim, 2021. "Certified corporate social responsibility? The current state of certified and decertified B Corps," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(6), pages 1760-1768, November.
    7. Sudheer Chava, 2014. "Environmental Externalities and Cost of Capital," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 60(9), pages 2223-2247, September.
    8. Bradford Cornell & Alan C. Shapiro, 2021. "Corporate stakeholders, corporate valuation and ESG," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 27(2), pages 196-207, March.
    9. Gomes, Mathieu & Marsat, Sylvain, 2018. "Does CSR impact premiums in M&A transactions?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 71-80.
    10. Geert Demuijnck & Björn Fasterling, 2016. "The Social License to Operate," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 136(4), pages 675-685, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Abu Amin & Ashrafee T. Hossain & Abdullah‐Al Masum, 2024. "Carbon emissions and abnormal cash holdings," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 64(4), pages 3175-3209, December.
    2. Hossain, Ashrafee & Masum, Abdullah-Al & Benkraiem, Ramzi, 2024. "Long-term institutional investors and climate change news Beta," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    3. Louis Daumas, 2024. "Financial stability, stranded assets and the low‐carbon transition – A critical review of the theoretical and applied literatures," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(3), pages 601-716, July.
    4. Huang, Chenchen & Luo, Di & Mukherjee, Soumyatanu & Mishra, Tapas, 2022. "To Acquire or to Ally? Managing Partners’ Environmental Risk in International Expansion," MPRA Paper 121808, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 07 Jan 2023.
    5. Zheng, Zhigang & Li, Jiarong & Ren, Xingzi & Guo, Jie Michael, 2023. "Does corporate ESG create value? New evidence from M&As in China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    6. Böhm, Adrian & Eufinger, Christian & Kadach, Igor & Sakasai, Yuki, 2025. "Green banking illusion? The influence of “Eco-Conscious” bank shareholders on credit allocation," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    7. Charl de Villiers & Jing Jia & Zhongtian Li, 2022. "Corporate social responsibility: A review of empirical research using Thomson Reuters Asset4 data," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 62(4), pages 4523-4568, December.
    8. Zhang, Jian & Wang, Ningzhi & Wu, Wenruo & Zhu, Xinyu, 2025. "Tax information and corporate environmental investment," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    9. Hossain, Ashrafee & Masum, Abdullah-Al & Rjiba, Hatem, 2025. "Fear of fairness in courts: The impact of liberal judge ideology on corporate carbon emissions," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    10. Fang Zhang & Minghui Li & Meilan Zhang, 2019. "Chinese Financial Market Investors Attitudes toward Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from Mergers and Acquisitions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-20, May.
    11. Xie, Xuejing & Gong, Yukai & Cheng, Le, 2025. "Managerial myopia and carbon emission: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    12. Trinks, Arjan & Mulder, Machiel & Scholtens, Bert, 2020. "An Efficiency Perspective on Carbon Emissions and Financial Performance," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    13. Arouri, Mohamed & Gomes, Mathieu & Pukthuanthong, Kuntara, 2019. "Corporate social responsibility and M&A uncertainty," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 176-198.
    14. Pástor, Ľuboš & Stambaugh, Robert F. & Taylor, Lucian A., 2021. "Sustainable investing in equilibrium," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(2), pages 550-571.
    15. He, Guanming & Li, Zhichao & Yu, Ling & Zhou, Zhanqiang, 2023. "Contribution to poverty alleviation: A waste or benefit for corporate financing?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    16. Huo, Xiaolin & Jiang, Dayan & Qiu, Zhigang & Yang, Sijie, 2022. "The impacts of dual carbon goals on asset prices in China," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    17. Maung, Min & Wilson, Craig & Yu, Weisu, 2020. "Does reputation risk matter? Evidence from cross-border mergers and acquisitions," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    18. Jacquelyn Pless, 2023. "To Starve or to Stoke? Understanding Whether Divestment versus Investment Can Steer (Green) Innovation," Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy and the Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 2(1), pages 107-147.
    19. Liu, Xianda & Hou, Wenxuan & Main, Brian G.M., 2022. "Anti-market sentiment and corporate social responsibility: Evidence from anti-Jewish pogroms," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    20. Gillan, Stuart L. & Koch, Andrew & Starks, Laura T., 2021. "Firms and social responsibility: A review of ESG and CSR research in corporate finance," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijfss:v:12:y:2024:i:1:p:24-:d:1351116. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.