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Digital Leisure Engagement and Positive Outcomes in the Workplace: A Systematic Literature Review

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  • Joschka Gellmers

    (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands)

  • Nanxi Yan

    (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
    Department of HRM & OB, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, 9747 AJ Groningen, The Netherlands)

Abstract

The rise of the Internet and information and communication technologies (ICTs) has led to employees spending increasingly more time on non-work-related digital activities at work. A vast literature base exists that is devoted to the potential adverse effect of such activities in the form of cyberloafing. However, not much is known about the positive outcomes of such activities conceptualized as digital leisure. The present review systematically examines current literature on digital leisure activities and how these contribute to positive outcomes in the workplace. Additionally, possible moderating and mediating variables are investigated. Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) framework, eight peer-reviewed studies were identified that met inclusion criteria. The results indicate that resource recovery processes and employee well-being, as well as employee productivity are positively associated with digital leisure in the workplace. Age was found to moderate the relationship between digital leisure and self-reported employee productivity, while employee satisfaction was found to mediate the relationship between digital leisure and employee productivity. Future research directions are outlined and implications for the work context are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Joschka Gellmers & Nanxi Yan, 2023. "Digital Leisure Engagement and Positive Outcomes in the Workplace: A Systematic Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:2:p:1014-:d:1026705
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sophie H. Janicke-Bowles & Diana Rieger & Winston Connor, 2019. "Finding Meaning at Work: The Role of Inspiring and Funny YouTube Videos on Work-Related Well-Being," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 619-640, February.
    2. David Newman & Louis Tay & Ed Diener, 2014. "Leisure and Subjective Well-Being: A Model of Psychological Mechanisms as Mediating Factors," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 555-578, June.
    3. Jérôme Gautié & Schmitt John, 2010. "Low-Wage Work in the Wealthy World," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-00464352, HAL.
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