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The Effects of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID-19 Epidemic Growth Rate during Pre- and Post-Vaccination Period in Asian Countries

Author

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  • Le Duc Huy

    (Health Management Training Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue 491-20, Vietnam
    School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 106-75, Taiwan)

  • Nhi Thi Hong Nguyen

    (Health Management Training Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue 491-20, Vietnam
    School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 106-75, Taiwan)

  • Phan Thanh Phuc

    (School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 106-75, Taiwan
    International Ph.D. Program in Biotech and Healthcare Management, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 106-75, Taiwan
    Department of Social Work, University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam)

  • Chung-Chien Huang

    (School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 106-75, Taiwan
    International Ph.D. Program in Biotech and Healthcare Management, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 106-75, Taiwan
    Department of Long-Term Care & School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan
    Department & School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan)

Abstract

There is little knowledge about how the influence of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) reduces the COVID-19 infection rate during the period of vaccine rollout. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of NPIs on decreasing the epidemic growth of COVID-19 between before and after the vaccine rollout period among Asian countries. Our ecological study included observations from 30 Asian countries over the 20 weeks of the pre- and post-vaccination period. Data were extracted from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker and other open databases. Longitudinal analysis was utilized to evaluate the impacts of public health responses and vaccines. The facial covering policy was the most effective intervention in the pre-vaccination period, followed by border control and testing policies. In the post-vaccination period, restrictions on gatherings and public transport closure both play a key role in reducing the epidemic growth rate. Vaccine coverage of 1–5%, 5–10%, 10–30%, and over 30% of the population was linked with an average reduction of 0.12%, 0.32%, 0.31%, and 0.59%, respectively. Our findings support the evidence that besides the vaccine increasingly contributing to pandemic control, the implementation of NPIs also plays a key role.

Suggested Citation

  • Le Duc Huy & Nhi Thi Hong Nguyen & Phan Thanh Phuc & Chung-Chien Huang, 2022. "The Effects of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID-19 Epidemic Growth Rate during Pre- and Post-Vaccination Period in Asian Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1139-:d:729208
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Thomas Hale & Noam Angrist & Rafael Goldszmidt & Beatriz Kira & Anna Petherick & Toby Phillips & Samuel Webster & Emily Cameron-Blake & Laura Hallas & Saptarshi Majumdar & Helen Tatlow, 2021. "A global panel database of pandemic policies (Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker)," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 5(4), pages 529-538, April.
    2. Trang VoPham & Matthew D. Weaver & Gary Adamkiewicz & Jaime E. Hart, 2021. "Social Distancing Associations with COVID-19 Infection and Mortality Are Modified by Crowding and Socioeconomic Status," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-8, April.
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    1. Sheng-Chih Chen & Le Duc Huy & Cheng-Yu Lin & Chih-Feng Lai & Nhi Thi Hong Nguyen & Nhi Y. Hoang & Thao T. P. Nguyen & Loan T. Dang & Nguyen L. T. Truong & Tan N. Phan & Tuyen Van Duong, 2022. "Association of Digital Health Literacy with Future Anxiety as Mediated by Information Satisfaction and Fear of COVID-19: A Pathway Analysis among Taiwanese Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-16, November.

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