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The Influence of Decision Making on Social Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities: A Case Study of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Author

Listed:
  • Shakeel Ahmad

    (Department of Social Work and Sociology, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan)

  • Mazhar Islam

    (Department of Social Work and Sociology, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Zada

    (Business School, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China)

  • Afraseyab Khattak

    (The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan)

  • Rezwan Ullah

    (School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Heesup Han

    (College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea)

  • Antonio Ariza-Montes

    (Social Matters Research Group, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, C/Escritor Castilla Aguayo, 4, 14004 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Luis Araya-Castillo

    (Facultad de Economía y Negocios, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago de Chile 7591538, Chile)

Abstract

Decision making is an essentially social process adopted by individuals or groups to identify and choose the best choice among several alternatives. Decision-making choices are influenced by the preferences, values, and beliefs of the individuals or groups involved in the decision-making process. This study was conducted to analyze the social inclusion of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in the context of their participation in decision making. The study area consisted of 8028 PWDs registered with the government of Pakistan, from which a sample of 488 PWDs was selected through a multistage stratified random sampling technique. These PWDs included physically disabled, blind, crippled, and deaf persons; however, the data were collected from those who were able to be interviewed. Chi-square and Kendall’s Tau-b tests were used to determine the strength, level, and direction of association among variables. At the multivariate level, the study found a spurious relation between social inclusion and participation in decision making when controlling for gender, monthly family income, and level of disability of the PWDs. The results highlighted that participation in decision making improved the social inclusion of male and moderately disabled PWDs more positively. However, participation in decision making was a universal feature explaining the social inclusion of PWDs irrespective of their monthly family income. The logistic regression model explained that the social inclusion of PWDs was more likely to occur when PWDs were married, had high monthly family income (PKR 16,500 and above), belonged to a joint family, and actively participated in decision making. The study recommends that ensuring the participation of PWDs in decision making in family, community, school, and other relevant institutions ultimately enhances their social inclusion.

Suggested Citation

  • Shakeel Ahmad & Mazhar Islam & Muhammad Zada & Afraseyab Khattak & Rezwan Ullah & Heesup Han & Antonio Ariza-Montes & Luis Araya-Castillo, 2022. "The Influence of Decision Making on Social Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities: A Case Study of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:2:p:858-:d:723767
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    References listed on IDEAS

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