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Adverse Childhood Experiences and Cardiovascular Risk among Young Adults: Findings from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Author

Listed:
  • Dylan B. Jackson

    (John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA)

  • Alexander Testa

    (Department of Management, Policy & Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Krista P. Woodward

    (John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA)

  • Farah Qureshi

    (John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA)

  • Kyle T. Ganson

    (Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada)

  • Jason M. Nagata

    (Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA)

Abstract

Background: Heart disease is the fourth leading cause of death for young adults aged 18–34 in the United States. Recent research suggests that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may shape cardiovascular health and its proximate antecedents. In the current study, we draw on a contemporary, national sample to examine the association between ACEs and cardiovascular health among young adults in the United States, as well as potential mediating pathways. Methods: The present study uses data from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to examine associations between ACEs and cardiovascular risk, as well as the role of cumulative disadvantage and poor mental health in these associations. Results: Findings indicate that young adults who have experienced a greater number of ACEs have a higher likelihood of having moderate to high cardiovascular risk compared to those who have zero or few reported ACEs. Moreover, both poor mental health and cumulative disadvantage explain a significant proportion of this association. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that young adulthood is an appropriate age for deploying prevention efforts related to cardiovascular risk, particularly for young adults reporting high levels of ACEs.

Suggested Citation

  • Dylan B. Jackson & Alexander Testa & Krista P. Woodward & Farah Qureshi & Kyle T. Ganson & Jason M. Nagata, 2022. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Cardiovascular Risk among Young Adults: Findings from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-18, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:18:p:11710-:d:917092
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Winkleby, M.A. & Jatulis, D.E. & Frank, E. & Fortmann, S.P., 1992. "Socioeconomic status and health: How education, income, and occupation contribute to risk factors for cardiovascular disease," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 82(6), pages 816-820.
    2. Elizabeth Lawrence & Robert A. Hummer & Kathleen Mullan Harris, 2017. "The Cardiovascular Health of Young Adults: Disparities along the Urban-Rural Continuum," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 672(1), pages 257-281, July.
    3. Marnie F. Hazlehurst & Paula S. Nurius & Anjum Hajat, 2018. "Individual and Neighborhood Stressors, Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, March.
    4. Mersky, Joshua P. & Topitzes, James, 2010. "Comparing early adult outcomes of maltreated and non-maltreated children: A prospective longitudinal investigation," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(8), pages 1086-1096, August.
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