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Maternal Aerobic Exercise, but Not Blood Docosahexaenoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Concentrations, during Pregnancy Influence Infant Body Composition

Author

Listed:
  • Cody J. Strom

    (Department of Kinesiology and Sport, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, IN 47712, USA)

  • Samantha M. McDonald

    (School of Kinesiology and Recreation, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA)

  • Mary-Margaret Remchak

    (Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA)

  • Kimberly A. Kew

    (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA)

  • Blake R. Rushing

    (Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA)

  • Joseph A. Houmard

    (Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
    East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA)

  • David A. Tulis

    (Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA)

  • Roman Pawlak

    (Department of Nutrition Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA)

  • George A. Kelley

    (Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA)

  • Lisa Chasan-Taber

    (Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA)

  • Edward Newton

    (College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA)

  • Christy Isler

    (College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA)

  • James DeVente

    (College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA)

  • Madigan Raper

    (Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA)

  • Linda E. May

    (Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
    East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
    College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA)

Abstract

Although discrete maternal exercise and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation individually are beneficial for infant body composition, the effects of exercise and PUFA during pregnancy on infant body composition have not been studied. This study evaluated the body composition of infants born to women participating in a randomized control exercise intervention study. Participants were randomized to aerobic exercise (n = 25) or control (stretching and breathing) groups (n = 10). From 16 weeks of gestation until delivery, the groups met 3×/week. At 16 and 36 weeks of gestation, maternal blood was collected and analyzed for Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA). At 1 month postnatal, infant body composition was assessed via skinfolds (SFs) and circumferences. Data from 35 pregnant women and infants were analyzed via t -tests, correlations, and regression. In a per protocol analysis, infants born to aerobic exercisers exhibited lower SF thicknesses of triceps ( p = 0.008), subscapular ( p = 0.04), SF sum ( p = 0.01), and body fat (BF) percentage (%) ( p = 0.006) compared with controls. After controlling for 36-week DHA and EPA levels, exercise dose was determined to be a negative predictor for infant skinfolds of triceps ( p = 0.001, r 2 = 0.27), subscapular ( p = 0.008, r 2 = 0.19), SF sum ( p = 0.001, r 2 = 0.28), mid-upper arm circumference ( p = 0.049, r 2 = 0.11), and BF% ( p = 0.001, r 2 = 0.32). There were no significant findings for PUFAs and infant measures: during pregnancy, exercise dose, but not blood DHA or EPA levels, reduces infant adiposity.

Suggested Citation

  • Cody J. Strom & Samantha M. McDonald & Mary-Margaret Remchak & Kimberly A. Kew & Blake R. Rushing & Joseph A. Houmard & David A. Tulis & Roman Pawlak & George A. Kelley & Lisa Chasan-Taber & Edward Ne, 2022. "Maternal Aerobic Exercise, but Not Blood Docosahexaenoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Concentrations, during Pregnancy Influence Infant Body Composition," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:14:p:8293-:d:857527
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David G Jenkins & Pedro F Quintana-Ascencio, 2020. "A solution to minimum sample size for regressions," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(2), pages 1-15, February.
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