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Does Direct-to-Consumer Personal Genetic Testing Improve Gynecological Cancer Screening Uptake among Never-Screened Attendees? A Randomized Controlled Study

Author

Listed:
  • Miki Watanabe

    (Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan)

  • Satoyo Hosono

    (Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
    Division of Cancer Screening Assessment and Management, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan)

  • Hiroko Nakagawa-Senda

    (Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan)

  • Sachiyo Yamamoto

    (Health Promotion Division, Okazaki City Public Health Center, Okazaki 444-8545, Japan)

  • Masami Aoyama

    (Health Promotion Division, Okazaki City Public Health Center, Okazaki 444-8545, Japan)

  • Satoru Hattori

    (Okazaki City Public Health Center, Okazaki 444-8545, Japan)

  • Tamaki Yamada

    (Okazaki City Medical Association, Public Health Center, Okazaki 444-0875, Japan)

  • Sadao Suzuki

    (Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan)

Abstract

The clinical impact of direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) on health behavior change has remained controversial. The aim of this study is to clarify the short-term effects of DTC-GT on gynecological cancer screening uptake among middle-aged never-screened Japanese women in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). A total of 144 women aged 45–50 who had never undergone gynecological cancer screening were randomly selected to receive health education (control group), or health education and DTC-GT (intervention group), at a 1:1 ratio. We compared the gynecological screening uptake during the follow-up period. Furthermore, to estimate the impact of learning of an elevated genetic cancer risk in the intervention group, we conducted an analysis dichotomized by genetic risk category. A total of 139 women completed the one-year follow-up survey (69 in the control group and 70 in the intervention group). The follow-up period did not differ between control and intervention groups (the median follow-up period was 276 days and 279 days, respectively, p = 0.746). There were 7 (9.7%) women in the control group and 10 (13.9%) in the intervention group who attended breast cancer screening ( p = 0.606), and 9 (12.5%) women from both groups attended cervical cancer screening ( p = 1.000). Likewise, there were no significant differences in cancer screening uptake in the analysis stratified by risk category within the intervention group. In conclusion, there was no significant effect of DTC-GT on gynecological cancer screening uptake in this RCT setting. Increasing cancer screening attendance may require a combination of well-established intervention strategies and DTC-GT. Clinical Trial Registration: UMIN-CTR Identifier, UMIN000031709.

Suggested Citation

  • Miki Watanabe & Satoyo Hosono & Hiroko Nakagawa-Senda & Sachiyo Yamamoto & Masami Aoyama & Satoru Hattori & Tamaki Yamada & Sadao Suzuki, 2021. "Does Direct-to-Consumer Personal Genetic Testing Improve Gynecological Cancer Screening Uptake among Never-Screened Attendees? A Randomized Controlled Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-10, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:23:p:12333-:d:686583
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    2. Siew-Kee Low & Atsushi Takahashi & Kyota Ashikawa & Johji Inazawa & Yoshio Miki & Michiaki Kubo & Yusuke Nakamura & Toyomasa Katagiri, 2013. "Genome-Wide Association Study of Breast Cancer in the Japanese Population," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(10), pages 1-8, October.
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