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Psychosocial Work Environment and Teachers’ Psychological Well-Being: The Moderating Role of Job Control and Social Support

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  • R Zirwatul Aida R Ibrahim

    (Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Wan Zaleha Mohd Zalam

    (Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Bob Foster

    (Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Informatika dan Bisnis Indonesia, Bandung 40285, West Java, Indonesia)

  • Teuku Afrizal

    (Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50275, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia)

  • Muhamad Deni Johansyah

    (Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia)

  • Jumadil Saputra

    (Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Azlina Abu Bakar

    (Faculty of Human Development, Universiti Perguruan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim 35900, Perak, Malaysia)

  • Mazidah Mohd Dagang

    (Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Siti Nazilah Mat Ali

    (Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

Abstract

Nowadays, the issue of teachers’ psychological well-being causes serious concern, especially in Malaysia. Many studies related to psychological well-being have focused on students rather than on the health and well-being of teachers. Thus, the current study investigated the determinants of psychological well-being (depression, anxiety and stress) from the psychosocial work environment (job control, job demands and social support), and examined the moderating role of job control and social support in the relationship between job demands and psychological well-being among teachers. The design of this study was quantitative research through a survey questionnaire. The sample consisted of 335 high school teachers (23.3%—male; 76.7%—female) who responded to measuring scales of job demands, job control, social support, depression, anxiety and stress, and socio-demographic profile. The data were analyzed using two statistical methods, namely descriptive and inferential statistics. The hierarchical linear regression model was used to analyze the data by assisting the statistical software, i.e., SPSS-23. The results showed that job demands, job control and social support significantly predicted teachers’ psychological well-being. Furthermore, the effect of job demands on teachers’ depression and anxiety was partially moderated by job control and social support. In conclusion, this study has successfully identified the significant predictors of teachers’ psychological well-being and the role of job control and social support as a moderating variable to teachers’ psychological well-being in Malaysia. The result provides insights and contributes to the literature of teachers’ psychological well-being determinants and involves Malaysian respondents with a collectivistic eastern culture.

Suggested Citation

  • R Zirwatul Aida R Ibrahim & Wan Zaleha Mohd Zalam & Bob Foster & Teuku Afrizal & Muhamad Deni Johansyah & Jumadil Saputra & Azlina Abu Bakar & Mazidah Mohd Dagang & Siti Nazilah Mat Ali, 2021. "Psychosocial Work Environment and Teachers’ Psychological Well-Being: The Moderating Role of Job Control and Social Support," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-19, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:14:p:7308-:d:590578
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Chih Nuo Grace Chao & Alan Chi-Keung Cheung & Elaine Lau & Angel Nga Man Leung, 2023. "Teachers’ Perceptions on Quality of School Leadership and Psychological Well-Being: The Mediating Roles of Work-Related Meaning in Life and Optimism in Hong Kong Kindergarten Teachers," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 18(3), pages 1249-1268, June.
    3. Siti Nazilah Mat Ali & Lucian-Ionel Cioca & Ruhiyah Sakinah Kayati & Jumadil Saputra & Muhammad Adam & Roxana Plesa & Raja Zirwatul Aida Raja Ibrahim, 2023. "A Study of Psychometric Instruments and Constructs of Work-Related Stress among Seafarers: A Qualitative Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-22, February.
    4. Theingi Maung Maung & Sing Ying Tan & Chai Li Tay & Mohammed Shahjahan Kabir & Lubna Shirin & Tan Yong Chia, 2022. "Mental Health Screening during COVID-19 Pandemic among School Teachers in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-10, August.
    5. Dunja Demirović Bajrami & Marko D. Petrović & Dejan Sekulić & Milan M. Radovanović & Ivana Blešić & Nikola Vuksanović & Marija Cimbaljević & Tatiana N. Tretiakova, 2022. "Significance of the Work Environment and Personal Resources for Employees’ Well-Being at Work in the Hospitality Sector," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-15, December.

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