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Affective Outcomes of Group versus Lone Green Exercise Participation

Author

Listed:
  • Mike Rogerson

    (School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK)

  • Ian Colbeck

    (School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK)

  • Rachel Bragg

    (Social Farms & Gardens, The GreenHouse, Hereford Street, Bristol BS3 4NA, UK)

  • Adekunle Dosumu

    (School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK)

  • Murray Griffin

    (School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK)

Abstract

‘Green exercise’ (being physically active within a natural environment) research has examined the influence of environmental setting on health and wellbeing-related exercise outcomes. However, it is not known whether social exercise settings influence green exercise-associated changes in mood, self-esteem, and connection to nature. This study directly compared outcomes of participating in green exercise alone compared to in a group. Using repeated measures, counterbalanced and randomized-crossover design, participants (n = 40) completed two 3 km runs around sports fields. These fields had a relatively flat grass terrain, predominant view of trees, and open grassland. On one occasion participants ran alone and on the other they ran in a group of 4–5 participants. Questionnaire measures of mood, self-esteem, and connection to nature were completed immediately pre- and post-run. Across all of the measures, two-way mixed ANOVAs found that there were statistically significant effects for time but not for time-by-condition interactions. The simplest interpretation of this finding is that social setting does not influence individuals’ attainment of the psychological outcomes of green exercise participation. However, we discuss the possibility that more complex processes might underpin this finding.

Suggested Citation

  • Mike Rogerson & Ian Colbeck & Rachel Bragg & Adekunle Dosumu & Murray Griffin, 2020. "Affective Outcomes of Group versus Lone Green Exercise Participation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-8, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:2:p:624-:d:310324
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Junia N. de Brito & Zachary C. Pope & Nathan R. Mitchell & Ingrid E. Schneider & Jean M. Larson & Teresa H. Horton & Mark A. Pereira, 2019. "Changes in Psychological and Cognitive Outcomes after Green versus Suburban Walking: A Pilot Crossover Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-12, August.
    2. Edward McAuley & Steriani Elavsky & Robert W. Motl & James F. Konopack & Liang Hu & David X. Marquez, 2005. "Physical Activity, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Esteem: Longitudinal Relationships in Older Adults," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 60(5), pages 268-275.
    3. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    4. Valerie F. Gladwell & Pekka Kuoppa & Mika P. Tarvainen & Mike Rogerson, 2016. "A Lunchtime Walk in Nature Enhances Restoration of Autonomic Control during Night-Time Sleep: Results from a Preliminary Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-9, March.
    5. Mike Rogerson & Valerie F. Gladwell & Daniel J. Gallagher & Jo L. Barton, 2016. "Influences of Green Outdoors versus Indoors Environmental Settings on Psychological and Social Outcomes of Controlled Exercise," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, March.
    6. Ian Lahart & Patricia Darcy & Christopher Gidlow & Giovanna Calogiuri, 2019. "The Effects of Green Exercise on Physical and Mental Wellbeing: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-26, April.
    7. Mike Rogerson & Jo Barton, 2015. "Effects of the Visual Exercise Environments on Cognitive Directed Attention, Energy Expenditure and Perceived Exertion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-16, June.
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    2. David Sheffield & Carly W. Butler & Miles Richardson, 2022. "Improving Nature Connectedness in Adults: A Meta-Analysis, Review and Agenda," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-23, September.

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