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Risk Factors Associated with Malnutrition among Children Under-Five Years in Sub-Saharan African Countries: A Scoping Review

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  • Phillips Edomwonyi Obasohan

    (School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK
    Department of Liberal Studies, College of Administrative and Business Studies, Niger State Polytechnic. Bida Campus, Bida 912231, Nigeria)

  • Stephen J. Walters

    (School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK)

  • Richard Jacques

    (School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK)

  • Khaled Khatab

    (Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S10 2BP, UK)

Abstract

Background/Purpose : Malnutrition is a significant global public health burden with greater concern among children under five years in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). To effectively address the problem of malnutrition, especially in resource-scarce communities, knowing the prevalence, causes and risk factors associated with it are essential steps. This scoping review aimed to identify the existing literature that uses classical regression analysis on nationally representative health survey data sets to find the individual socioeconomic, demographic and contextual risk factors associated with malnutrition among children under five years of age in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). Methods : The electronic databases searched include EMBASE (OVID platform), PubMed (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) and Cochrane Library. Only papers written in the English language, and for which the publication date was between 1 January 1990 and 31 July 2020, were included. Results : A total of 229 papers were identified, of which 26 were studies that have been included in the review. The risk factors for malnutrition identified were classified as child-related, parental/household-related and community or area-related. Conclusions : Study-interest bias toward stunting over other anthropometric indicators of malnutrition could be addressed with a holistic research approach to equally address the various dimension of the anthropometric indicators of malnutrition in a population.

Suggested Citation

  • Phillips Edomwonyi Obasohan & Stephen J. Walters & Richard Jacques & Khaled Khatab, 2020. "Risk Factors Associated with Malnutrition among Children Under-Five Years in Sub-Saharan African Countries: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-23, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:23:p:8782-:d:451502
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Caroline G McKenna & Susan A Bartels & Lesley A Pablo & Melanie Walker, 2019. "Women’s decision-making power and undernutrition in their children under age five in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A cross-sectional study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(12), pages 1-19, December.
    2. Nandy, Shailen & Daoud, Adel & Gordon, David, 2016. "Examining the changing profile of undernutrition in the context of food price rises and greater inequality," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 153-163.
    3. Miller, Candace Marie & Gruskin, Sofia & Subramanian, S.V. & Heymann, Jody, 2007. "Emerging health disparities in Botswana: Examining the situation of orphans during the AIDS epidemic," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(12), pages 2476-2486, June.
    4. Nandy, Shailen & Jaime Miranda, J., 2008. "Overlooking undernutrition? Using a composite index of anthropometric failure to assess how underweight misses and misleads the assessment of undernutrition in young children," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(9), pages 1963-1966, May.
    5. Ukwuani, Festus A. & Suchindran, Chirayath M., 2003. "Implications of women's work for child nutritional status in sub-Saharan Africa: a case study of Nigeria," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 56(10), pages 2109-2121, May.
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    1. Phillips Edomwonyi Obasohan & Stephen J. Walters & Richard Jacques & Khaled Khatab, 2021. "Individual and Contextual Factors Associated with Malaria among Children 6–59 Months in Nigeria: A Multilevel Mixed Effect Logistic Model Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-25, October.

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