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Assessing Progress towards SDG2: Trends and Patterns of Multiple Malnutrition in Young Children under 5 in West and Central Africa

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  • Marco Pomati

    (Cardiff University)

  • Shailen Nandy

    (Cardiff University)

Abstract

The co-occurrence of different forms of malnutrition in young children is known to carry differential risks of morbity and mortality. Despite this, there are few, if any, systematic analyses of the prevalence of multiple anthropometric failures (or deficits) in young children under 5. This paper presents the results of the first such an analysis done on data from one of the poorest geographic regions of the world – West and Central Africa. Using data from the demographic and health surveys (DHS) and UNICEF’s Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), the paper details the prevalence and patterning of child malnutrition using a combination of conventional measures and the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) for the period 1990–2015. It shows the advantages of the CIAF indicator for gauging the full extent of malnutrition and the ability of an indicator of ‘Multiple Malnutrition’ to identify children under 5 with higher risk of mortality. It also shows how relatively little progress has been made in reducing the extent of malnutrition and emphasises the importance of tracking progress by looking at both rates and total number of affected children. Malnutrition across the region remains strongly associated with household wealth and education. Poorer, rural households are much more likely to experience malnutition, but the widespread prevalence of poor living conditions in urban areas has the potential to undermine any gains made in reducing malnutrition.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Pomati & Shailen Nandy, 2020. "Assessing Progress towards SDG2: Trends and Patterns of Multiple Malnutrition in Young Children under 5 in West and Central Africa," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 13(5), pages 1847-1873, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:chinre:v:13:y:2020:i:5:d:10.1007_s12187-019-09671-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s12187-019-09671-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Nandy, Shailen & Jaime Miranda, J., 2008. "Overlooking undernutrition? Using a composite index of anthropometric failure to assess how underweight misses and misleads the assessment of undernutrition in young children," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(9), pages 1963-1966, May.
    4. United Nations UN, 2015. "The Millennium Development Goals Report 2015," Working Papers id:7222, eSocialSciences.
    5. Svedberg, Peter, 2000. "Poverty and Undernutrition: Theory, Measurement, and Policy," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198292685, Decembrie.
    6. Smith, Lisa C. & Ruel, Marie T. & Ndiaye, Aida, 2005. "Why Is Child Malnutrition Lower in Urban Than in Rural Areas? Evidence from 36 Developing Countries," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 33(8), pages 1285-1305, August.
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    2. J. R. Jith & Rajshree Bedamatta, 2021. "Child Undernutrition in the States of India: An Analysis Based on Change in Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure from 2006 to 2016," Review of Development and Change, , vol. 26(1), pages 104-126, June.
    3. Karen G. Añaños Bedriñana & José Antonio Rodríguez Martín & Fanny T. Añaños, 2021. "Human Rights in the Least Developed Countries of Asia: An Index for Quantifying Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-17, April.
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    5. Anteneh, Zecharias & Celidoni, Martina & Rocco, Lorenzo, 2023. "Pathways to Better Health? Assessing the Impact of Ethiopian Community-Based Health Insurance on Children Health Outcomes," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1299, Global Labor Organization (GLO).

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