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Line-Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors: Evolution, Challenges, and Industrial Prospects

Author

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  • Yahia Ould Lahoucine

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malta, Msida Campus (Main Campus), MSD 2080 Msida, Malta)

  • Reiko Raute

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malta, Msida Campus (Main Campus), MSD 2080 Msida, Malta)

  • Cedric Caruana

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malta, Msida Campus (Main Campus), MSD 2080 Msida, Malta)

Abstract

Line-Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (LSPMSMs) offer a hybrid solution that combines the high efficiency of permanent magnet motors with the self-starting capability of induction machines. This review examines their key performance characteristics, historical development, and design approaches. Advantages such as high efficiency, improved power factor, and operational stability are discussed alongside challenges like limited critical inertia and synchronization issues. Design enhancements through rotor topology optimization and cage resistance adjustment are also explored. Finally, market trends and economic considerations are evaluated, highlighting the strong potential of LSPMSMs in energy-efficient motor applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Yahia Ould Lahoucine & Reiko Raute & Cedric Caruana, 2025. "Line-Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors: Evolution, Challenges, and Industrial Prospects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-35, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:17:p:4545-:d:1733976
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hassanpour Isfahani, Arash & Vaez-Zadeh, Sadegh, 2009. "Line start permanent magnet synchronous motors: Challenges and opportunities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(11), pages 1755-1763.
    2. Lu, Shyi-Min, 2016. "A review of high-efficiency motors: Specification, policy, and technology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1-12.
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