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Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Inorganic Lead-Free Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 -Based Perovskite Photovoltaic Cell: Impact of Various Design Parameters

Author

Listed:
  • Arnob Das

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh)

  • Susmita Datta Peu

    (Department of Agriculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh)

  • Md Abdul Mannan Akanda

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA)

  • Mostafa M. Salah

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt)

  • Md. Sejan Hossain

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh)

  • Barun Kumar Das

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh)

Abstract

The lead halide-based perovskite solar cells have attracted much attention in the photovoltaic industry due to their high efficiency, easy manufacturing, lightweight, and low cost. However, these lead halide-based perovskite solar cells are not manufactured commercially due to lead-based toxicity. To investigate lead-free inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs), we investigated a novel Cs3Bi2I9-based perovskite configuration in SCAPS-1D software using different hole transport layers (HTLs). At the same time, WS 2 is applied as an electron transport layer (ETL). Comparative analysis of the various design configurations reveals that ITO/WS 2 /Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 /PEDOT:PSS/Au offers the best performance with 20.12% of power conversion efficiency (PCE). After optimizing the thickness, bandgap, defect density, and carrier density, the efficiency of the configuration is increased from 20.12 to 24.91%. Improvement in other performance parameters such as short circuit current (17.325 mA/cm 2 ), open circuit voltage (1.5683 V), and fill factor (91.66%) are also observed after tuning different attributes. This investigation indicates the potential application of Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 as a lead-free and stable perovskite material that can contribute to improving the renewable energy sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Arnob Das & Susmita Datta Peu & Md Abdul Mannan Akanda & Mostafa M. Salah & Md. Sejan Hossain & Barun Kumar Das, 2023. "Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Inorganic Lead-Free Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 -Based Perovskite Photovoltaic Cell: Impact of Various Design Parameters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-20, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:5:p:2328-:d:1083544
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xuezeng Dai & Shangshang Chen & Haoyang Jiao & Liang Zhao & Ke Wang & Zhenyi Ni & Zhenhua Yu & Bo Chen & Yongli Gao & Jinsong Huang, 2022. "Efficient monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar modules with small cell-to-module derate," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 7(10), pages 923-931, October.
    2. Mostafa M. Salah & Abdelhalim Zekry & Ahmed Shaker & Mohamed Abouelatta & Mohamed Mousa & Ahmed Saeed, 2022. "Investigation of Electron Transport Material-Free Perovskite/CIGS Tandem Solar Cell," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-16, August.
    3. Doğan, Buhari & Ghosh, Sudeshna & Shahzadi, Irum & Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel & Nguyen, Canh Phuc, 2022. "The relevance of economic complexity and economic globalization as determinants of energy demand for different stages of development," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 371-384.
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    1. Khan, Tanvir Mahtab & Shams, Md Atik & Khatun, Most Marzia & Chowdhury, Jamim Hossain & Uddin, Md Saif & Emon, Tofail Ahmmed & Shakil, Mirza Md & Ahmed, Sheikh Rashel Al, 2025. "Predictive modeling and optimization of WS2 thin-film solar cells: A comprehensive study integrating machine learning, deep learning and SCAPS-1D approaches," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).

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