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Current State, Development and Future Directions of Medical Waste Valorization

Author

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  • Yin Ting Chu

    (Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China)

  • Jianzhao Zhou

    (Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China)

  • Yuan Wang

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China)

  • Yue Liu

    (Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China)

  • Jingzheng Ren

    (Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China)

Abstract

Elevated medical waste has urged the improvement of sustainable medical waste treatments. A bibliometric analysis is initially conducted to investigate scientific development of medical waste management to pinpoint the publication trends, influential articles, journals and countries and study hotspots. Publications on medical waste and its management sharply increased since 2020. The most influential article was written by Klemeš et al., and “Waste Management and Research” is the most productive journal. India, China, the United Kingdom, Iran and Italy have published the most works. The research spotlights have switched from “human” and “sustainable development” in 2019 to “COVID-19” and “circular economy” in 2021. Since government acts essentially in handling medical waste and controlling disease transmission, rule implementations among the abovementioned countries are summarized to seek gaps between scientific advancement and regulatory frameworks. For accomplishing a circular economy, waste-to-energy technologies (incineration, gasification, pyrolysis, plasma-based treatments, carbonization, hydrogenation, liquefaction, biomethanation, fermentation and esterification) are comprehensively reviewed. Incineration, gasification, pyrolysis and carbonization are relatively feasible methods, their characteristics and limitations are further compared. By holistically reviewing current status of medical waste research, the focal points involved in management at the policy and technical level have been highlighted to find proper routes for medical waste valorization.

Suggested Citation

  • Yin Ting Chu & Jianzhao Zhou & Yuan Wang & Yue Liu & Jingzheng Ren, 2023. "Current State, Development and Future Directions of Medical Waste Valorization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-28, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:1074-:d:1040102
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    References listed on IDEAS

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