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A Review of the Applications of Explainable Machine Learning for Lithium–Ion Batteries: From Production to State and Performance Estimation

Author

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  • Mona Faraji Niri

    (WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
    The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DG, UK)

  • Koorosh Aslansefat

    (School of Computer Science, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK)

  • Sajedeh Haghi

    (Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Munich, Germany)

  • Mojgan Hashemian

    (Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Rüdiger Daub

    (Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Munich, Germany)

  • James Marco

    (WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
    The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DG, UK)

Abstract

Lithium–ion batteries play a crucial role in clean transportation systems including EVs, aircraft, and electric micromobilities. The design of battery cells and their production process are as important as their characterisation, monitoring, and control techniques for improved energy delivery and sustainability of the industry. In recent decades, the data-driven approaches for addressing all mentioned aspects have developed massively with promising outcomes, especially through artificial intelligence and machine learning. This paper addresses the latest developments in explainable machine learning known as XML and its application to lithium–ion batteries. It includes a critical review of the XML in the manufacturing and production phase, and then later, when the battery is in use, for its state estimation and control. The former focuses on the XML for optimising the battery structure, characteristics, and manufacturing processes, while the latter considers the monitoring aspect related to the states of health, charge, and energy. This paper, through a comprehensive review of theoretical aspects of available techniques and discussing various case studies, is an attempt to inform the stack-holders of the area about the state-of-the-art XML methods and encourage those to move from the ML to XML in transition to a NetZero future. This work has also highlighted the research gaps and potential future research directions for the battery community.

Suggested Citation

  • Mona Faraji Niri & Koorosh Aslansefat & Sajedeh Haghi & Mojgan Hashemian & Rüdiger Daub & James Marco, 2023. "A Review of the Applications of Explainable Machine Learning for Lithium–Ion Batteries: From Production to State and Performance Estimation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-38, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:17:p:6360-:d:1231405
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    References listed on IDEAS

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