IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i13p4061-d589002.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Production of Gasolines and Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: From Fossil Raw Materials to Green Processes

Author

Listed:
  • Guido Busca

    (Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Genoa, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genova, Italy)

Abstract

The properties and the applications of the main monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, and the three xylene isomers) and the industrial processes for their manufacture from fossil raw materials are summarized. Potential ways for their production from renewable sources with thermo-catalytic processes are described and discussed in detail. The perspectives of the future industrial organic chemistry in relation to the production of high-octane bio-gasolines and monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as renewable chemical intermediates are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Guido Busca, 2021. "Production of Gasolines and Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: From Fossil Raw Materials to Green Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-32, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:13:p:4061-:d:589002
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/13/4061/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/13/4061/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhaoyang Kong & Xiucheng Dong & Bo Xu & Rui Li & Qiang Yin & Cuifang Song, 2015. "EROI Analysis for Direct Coal Liquefaction without and with CCS: The Case of the Shenhua DCL Project in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-22, January.
    2. Savvas L. Douvartzides & Nikolaos D. Charisiou & Kyriakos N. Papageridis & Maria A. Goula, 2019. "Green Diesel: Biomass Feedstocks, Production Technologies, Catalytic Research, Fuel Properties and Performance in Compression Ignition Internal Combustion Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-41, February.
    3. Ben Hassen Trabelsi, Aïda & Zaafouri, Kaouther & Baghdadi, Withek & Naoui, Slim & Ouerghi, Aymen, 2018. "Second generation biofuels production from waste cooking oil via pyrolysis process," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 888-896.
    4. Sansaniwal, S.K. & Pal, K. & Rosen, M.A. & Tyagi, S.K., 2017. "Recent advances in the development of biomass gasification technology: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 363-384.
    5. Sannita, Eugenia & Aliakbarian, Bahar & Casazza, Alessandro A. & Perego, Patrizia & Busca, Guido, 2012. "Medium-temperature conversion of biomass and wastes into liquid products, a review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 6455-6475.
    6. Valerie A. Schmidt, 2020. "Reactions for making widely used aniline compounds break norms of synthesis," Nature, Nature, vol. 584(7819), pages 46-47, August.
    7. Marwa G. Saad & Noura S. Dosoky & Mohamed S. Zoromba & Hesham M. Shafik, 2019. "Algal Biofuels: Current Status and Key Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-22, May.
    8. Tao, Guangcan & Lestander, Torbjörn A. & Geladi, Paul & Xiong, Shaojun, 2012. "Biomass properties in association with plant species and assortments I: A synthesis based on literature data of energy properties," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 3481-3506.
    9. Antonio Molino & Vincenzo Larocca & Simeone Chianese & Dino Musmarra, 2018. "Biofuels Production by Biomass Gasification: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-31, March.
    10. Montanari, Tania & Finocchio, Elisabetta & Salvatore, Enrico & Garuti, Gilberto & Giordano, Andrea & Pistarino, Chiara & Busca, Guido, 2011. "CO2 separation and landfill biogas upgrading: A comparison of 4A and 13X zeolite adsorbents," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 314-319.
    11. Baruah, Renika & Dixit, Marm & Basarkar, Pratik & Parikh, Dhrupad & Bhargav, Atul, 2015. "Advances in ethanol autothermal reforming," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1345-1353.
    12. Falko Ueckerdt & Christian Bauer & Alois Dirnaichner & Jordan Everall & Romain Sacchi & Gunnar Luderer, 2021. "Potential and risks of hydrogen-based e-fuels in climate change mitigation," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 11(5), pages 384-393, May.
    13. Tao, Guangcan & Geladi, Paul & Lestander, Torbjörn A. & Xiong, Shaojun, 2012. "Biomass properties in association with plant species and assortments. II: A synthesis based on literature data for ash elements," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 3507-3522.
    14. Elena Spennati & Alessandro Alberto Casazza & Attilio Converti & Guido Busca, 2020. "Thermocatalytic Pyrolysis of Exhausted Arthrospira platensis Biomass after Protein or Lipid Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-17, October.
    15. Juan E. Tibaquirá & José I. Huertas & Sebastián Ospina & Luis F. Quirama & José E. Niño, 2018. "The Effect of Using Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on the Mechanical, Energy and Environmental Performance of In-Use Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-17, January.
    16. Stummann, Magnus Zingler & Høj, Martin & Gabrielsen, Jostein & Clausen, Lasse Røngaard & Jensen, Peter Arendt & Jensen, Anker Degn, 2021. "A perspective on catalytic hydropyrolysis of biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    17. Tsang, Eric W. K., 2014. "Old and New," Management and Organization Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 10(03), pages 390-390, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Douvartzides, Savvas & Charisiou, Nikolaos D. & Wang, Wen & Papadakis, Vagelis G. & Polychronopoulou, Kyriaki & Goula, Maria A., 2022. "Catalytic fast pyrolysis of agricultural residues and dedicated energy crops for the production of high energy density transportation biofuels. Part I: Chemical pathways and bio-oil upgrading," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 483-505.
    2. Suopajärvi, Hannu & Pongrácz, Eva & Fabritius, Timo, 2013. "The potential of using biomass-based reducing agents in the blast furnace: A review of thermochemical conversion technologies and assessments related to sustainability," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 511-528.
    3. Beims, R.F. & Simonato, C.L. & Wiggers, V.R., 2019. "Technology readiness level assessment of pyrolysis of trygliceride biomass to fuels and chemicals," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 521-529.
    4. Růžičková, Jana & Raclavská, Helena & Juchelková, Dagmar & Kucbel, Marek & Raclavský, Konstantin & Švédová, Barbora & Šafář, Michal & Pfeifer, Christoph & Hrbek, Jitka, 2022. "Organic compounds in the char deposits characterising the combustion of unauthorised fuels in residential boilers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    5. Prabhakar Sharma & Ajay Chhillar & Zafar Said & Saim Memon, 2021. "Exploring the Exhaust Emission and Efficiency of Algal Biodiesel Powered Compression Ignition Engine: Application of Box–Behnken and Desirability Based Multi-Objective Response Surface Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-22, September.
    6. Olatunji, Obafemi O. & Akinlabi, Stephen & Madushele, Nkosinathi & Adedeji, Paul A., 2020. "Property-based biomass feedstock grading using k-Nearest Neighbour technique," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    7. Kim, Jun Young & Kim, Dongjae & Li, Zezhong John & Dariva, Claudio & Cao, Yankai & Ellis, Naoko, 2023. "Predicting and optimizing syngas production from fluidized bed biomass gasifiers: A machine learning approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    8. Wang, Lijun & Agyemang, Samuel A. & Amini, Hossein & Shahbazi, Abolghasem, 2015. "Mathematical modeling of production and biorefinery of energy crops," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 530-544.
    9. Ondrasek, G. & Bubalo Kovačić, M. & Carević, I. & Štirmer, N. & Stipičević, S. & Udiković-Kolić, N. & Filipović, V. & Romić, D. & Rengel, Z., 2021. "Bioashes and their potential for reuse to sustain ecosystem services and underpin circular economy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    10. Wei, Maogui & Zhu, Wanbin & Xie, Guanghui & Lestander, Torbjörn A. & Xiong, Shaojun, 2015. "Cassava stem wastes as potential feedstock for fuel ethanol production: A basic parameter study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 970-978.
    11. Niu, Miaomiao & Huang, Yaji & Jin, Baosheng & Liang, Shaohua & Dong, Qing & Gu, Haiming & Sun, Rongyue, 2019. "A novel two-stage enriched air biomass gasification for producing low-tar high heating value fuel gas: Pilot verification and performance analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 511-522.
    12. Shen, Xiuli & Huang, Guangqun & Yang, Zengling & Han, Lujia, 2015. "Compositional characteristics and energy potential of Chinese animal manure by type and as a whole," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 108-119.
    13. Puricelli, S. & Cardellini, G. & Casadei, S. & Faedo, D. & van den Oever, A.E.M. & Grosso, M., 2021. "A review on biofuels for light-duty vehicles in Europe," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    14. Tripathi, Manoj & Sahu, J.N. & Ganesan, P., 2016. "Effect of process parameters on production of biochar from biomass waste through pyrolysis: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 467-481.
    15. Niu, Wenjuan & Han, Lujia & Liu, Xian & Huang, Guangqun & Chen, Longjian & Xiao, Weihua & Yang, Zengling, 2016. "Twenty-two compositional characterizations and theoretical energy potentials of extensively diversified China's crop residues," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 238-250.
    16. Karla Peña Contreras & Juan Manuel Sánchez Yáñez & Quetzalli Aguilar-Virgen & Paul Taboada-González & Liliana Marquez-Benavides, 2018. "Potential for Methane Generation by Lignocellulosic Household Waste," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-15, September.
    17. Ali Shalizar Jalali, 2018. "Male Fertility as a Bull’s Eye for Mastocytosis," Global Journal of Reproductive Medicine, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 3(3), pages 58-60, February.
    18. Matteo Borella & Alessandro A. Casazza & Gabriella Garbarino & Paola Riani & Guido Busca, 2022. "A Study of the Pyrolysis Products of Kraft Lignin," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-15, January.
    19. Nikolov, Plamen & Adelman, Alan, 2019. "Do private household transfers to the elderly respond to public pension benefits? Evidence from rural China," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 14(C).
    20. Dana Benešová & Viera Kubičková & Miroslava Prváková, 2020. "Open innovation model in the knowledge intensive business services in the Slovak Republic," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 8(2), pages 1340-1358, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:13:p:4061-:d:589002. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.