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Enhanced Coordination Strategy for an Aggregator of Distributed Energy Resources Participating in the Day-Ahead Reserve Market

Author

Listed:
  • Cindy Paola Guzman

    (Electrical Engineering Department, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil)

  • Nataly Bañol Arias

    (Department of Systems and Energy, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil)

  • John Fredy Franco

    (School of Energy Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rosana, São Paulo 19274-000, Brazil)

  • Marcos J. Rider

    (Department of Systems and Energy, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil)

  • Rubén Romero

    (Electrical Engineering Department, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil)

Abstract

The integration of distributed energy resources (DERs), e.g., electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable distributed generation (DG), in the electrical distribution system (EDS) brings advantages to society, but also introduces technical challenges (e.g., overloading and voltage issues). A DER aggregator, which has agreements with DERs to manage their consumption/generation, could collaborate with the EDS operator to mitigate those technical challenges. Previous approaches have mainly focused on the aggregator’s strategy to manage demand, aiming at the maximization of profits. Therefore, methods to support the aggregator’s strategy need to be extended to facilitate the integration of renewable DG, leading to an enhanced coordination of DERs. This paper proposes a linear programming model for the aggregator’s coordination strategy to maximize its profit through the management of DERs and the participation in the day-ahead reserve market. The model uses EV charging control to provide up/down reserve and reduces its cost taking advantage of DG. The proposed mathematical model represents the daily EDS operation (hourly resolution) to enforce voltage and current magnitude constraints. A case study carried out in an unbalanced 34-bus EDS with 660 EVs, demonstrates that the application of the proposed method enhances the DER aggregator’s strategy, leading to better outcomes in both profits and EDS operation.

Suggested Citation

  • Cindy Paola Guzman & Nataly Bañol Arias & John Fredy Franco & Marcos J. Rider & Rubén Romero, 2020. "Enhanced Coordination Strategy for an Aggregator of Distributed Energy Resources Participating in the Day-Ahead Reserve Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:8:p:1965-:d:346213
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Richardson, David B., 2013. "Electric vehicles and the electric grid: A review of modeling approaches, Impacts, and renewable energy integration," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 247-254.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Yuriy Bilan & Marcin Rabe & Katarzyna Widera, 2022. "Distributed Energy Resources: Operational Benefits," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-7, November.
    2. Sara Haghifam & Kazem Zare & Mehdi Abapour & Gregorio Muñoz-Delgado & Javier Contreras, 2020. "A Stackelberg Game-Based Approach for Transactive Energy Management in Smart Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-34, July.
    3. Zachary Michael Isaac Gould & Vikram Mohanty & Georg Reichard & Walid Saad & Tripp Shealy & Susan Day, 2023. "A Mycorrhizal Model for Transactive Solar Energy Markets with Battery Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-19, May.
    4. Zandrazavi, Seyed Farhad & Guzman, Cindy Paola & Pozos, Alejandra Tabares & Quiros-Tortos, Jairo & Franco, John Fredy, 2022. "Stochastic multi-objective optimal energy management of grid-connected unbalanced microgrids with renewable energy generation and plug-in electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    5. Joao Soares & Bruno Canizes & Zita Vale, 2021. "Rethinking the Distribution Power Network Planning and Operation for a Sustainable Smart Grid and Smooth Interaction with Electrified Transportation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-4, November.

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