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High Reynold’s Number Turbulent Model for Micro-Channel Cold Plate Using Reverse Engineering Approach for Water-Cooled Battery in Electric Vehicles

Author

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  • Satyam Panchal

    (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
    Detroit Engineering Products, 850 East Long Lake Road, Troy, MI 48085, USA)

  • Krishna Gudlanarva

    (Detroit Engineering Products, 850 East Long Lake Road, Troy, MI 48085, USA)

  • Manh-Kien Tran

    (Chemical Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Roydon Fraser

    (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Michael Fowler

    (Chemical Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

Abstract

The investigation and improvement of the cooling process of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) used in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are required in order to achieve better performance and longer lifespan. In this manuscript, the temperature and velocity profiles of cooling plates used to cool down the large prismatic Graphite/LiFePO 4 battery are presented using both laboratory testing and modeling techniques. Computed tomography (CT) scanning was utilized for the cooling plate, Detroit Engineering Products (DEP) MeshWorks 8.0 was used for meshing of the cooling plate, and STAR CCM+ was used for simulation. The numerical investigation was conducted for higher C-rates of 3C and 4C with different ambient temperatures. For the experimental work, three heat flux sensors were attached to the battery surface. Water was used as a coolant inside the cooling plate to cool down the battery. The mass flow rate at each channel was 0.000277677 kg/s. The k-ε model was then utilized to simulate the turbulent behaviour of the fluid in the cooling plate, and the thermal behaviour under constant current (CC) discharge was studied and validated with the experimental data. This study provides insight into thermal and flow characteristics of the coolant inside a cooing plate, which can be used for designing more efficient cooling plates.

Suggested Citation

  • Satyam Panchal & Krishna Gudlanarva & Manh-Kien Tran & Roydon Fraser & Michael Fowler, 2020. "High Reynold’s Number Turbulent Model for Micro-Channel Cold Plate Using Reverse Engineering Approach for Water-Cooled Battery in Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-25, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:7:p:1638-:d:340311
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mahesh Suresh Patil & Satyam Panchal & Namwon Kim & Moo-Yeon Lee, 2018. "Cooling Performance Characteristics of 20 Ah Lithium-Ion Pouch Cell with Cold Plates along Both Surfaces," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-19, September.
    2. Rao, Zhonghao & Wang, Shuangfeng, 2011. "A review of power battery thermal energy management," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 4554-4571.
    3. Jin, L.W. & Lee, P.S. & Kong, X.X. & Fan, Y. & Chou, S.K., 2014. "Ultra-thin minichannel LCP for EV battery thermal management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1786-1794.
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    Cited by:

    1. Landini, S. & O’Donovan, T.S., 2021. "Novel experimental approach for the characterisation of Lithium-Ion cells performance in isothermal conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    2. Carlo Cunanan & Manh-Kien Tran & Youngwoo Lee & Shinghei Kwok & Vincent Leung & Michael Fowler, 2021. "A Review of Heavy-Duty Vehicle Powertrain Technologies: Diesel Engine Vehicles, Battery Electric Vehicles, and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 3(2), pages 1-16, June.
    3. Dong, Ao & Ma, Ruifei & Deng, Yelin, 2023. "Optimization on charging of the direct hybrid lithium-ion battery and supercapacitor for high power application through resistance balancing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    4. Hongya Zhang & Hao Chen & Haisheng Fang, 2022. "Cooling Optimization Strategy for a 6s4p Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Based on Triple-Step Nonlinear Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-31, December.
    5. Jilte, Ravindra & Afzal, Asif & Panchal, Satyam, 2021. "A novel battery thermal management system using nano-enhanced phase change materials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    6. Wang, Haimin & Shi, Weijie & Hu, Feng & Wang, Yufei & Hu, Xuebin & Li, Huanqi, 2021. "Over-heating triggered thermal runaway behavior for lithium-ion battery with high nickel content in positive electrode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    7. Saeed, Ali & Karimi, Nader & Paul, Manosh C., 2021. "Analysis of the unsteady thermal response of a Li-ion battery pack to dynamic loads," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    8. Jiabin Duan & Jiapei Zhao & Xinke Li & Satyam Panchal & Jinliang Yuan & Roydon Fraser & Michael Fowler, 2021. "Modeling and Analysis of Heat Dissipation for Liquid Cooling Lithium-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-19, July.

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