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Bio-Crude Production through Aqueous Phase Recycling of Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Sewage Sludge

Author

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  • Ayaz A. Shah

    (Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
    Department of Energy & Environment Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering & Technology; New M. A. Jinnah Rd, Jamshed Quarters Muslimabad, Karachi, Sindh 74800, Pakistan)

  • Saqib S. Toor

    (Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Tahir H. Seehar

    (Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
    Department of Energy & Environment Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering & Technology; New M. A. Jinnah Rd, Jamshed Quarters Muslimabad, Karachi, Sindh 74800, Pakistan)

  • Rasmus S. Nielsen

    (Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Asbjørn H. Nielsen

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, Thomas Manns Vej 23, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Thomas H. Pedersen

    (Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Lasse A. Rosendahl

    (Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

Abstract

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising technology for the production of bio-crude. However, some unresolved issues still exist within HTL, which need to be resolved before its promotion on a commercial scale. The management of the aqueous phase is one of the leading challenges related to HTL. In this study, the sewage sludge has been liquefied at 350 °C with and without catalyst (K 2 CO 3 ). Subsequently, aqueous phase recycling was applied to investigate the effect of recycling on bio-crude properties. Obtained results showed that the energy recovery in the form of bio-crude increased by 50% via aqueous phase recirculation, whereas nitrogen content in the bio-crude was approximately doubled after eight rounds of recycling. GCMS characterization of the aqueous phase indicated acetic acid as a major water-soluble compound, which employed as a catalyst (0.56 M), and resulted in a negligible increase in bio-crude yield. ICP-AES highlighted that the majority of the inorganics were transferred to the solid phase, while the higher accumulation of potassium and sodium was found in the aqueous phase via successive rounds of recycling.

Suggested Citation

  • Ayaz A. Shah & Saqib S. Toor & Tahir H. Seehar & Rasmus S. Nielsen & Asbjørn H. Nielsen & Thomas H. Pedersen & Lasse A. Rosendahl, 2020. "Bio-Crude Production through Aqueous Phase Recycling of Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Sewage Sludge," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:2:p:493-:d:310703
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    3. Tahir H. Seehar & Saqib S. Toor & Ayaz A. Shah & Thomas H. Pedersen & Lasse A. Rosendahl, 2020. "Biocrude Production from Wheat Straw at Sub and Supercritical Hydrothermal Liquefaction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-18, June.
    4. Yuliya Kulikova & Marina Krasnovskikh & Natalia Sliusar & Nikolay Orlov & Olga Babich, 2023. "Analysis and Comparison of Bio-Oils Obtained by Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Organic Waste," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-17, January.
    5. Kamaldeep Sharma & Ayaz A. Shah & Saqib S. Toor & Tahir H. Seehar & Thomas H. Pedersen & Lasse A. Rosendahl, 2021. "Co-Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Lignocellulosic Biomass in Supercritical Water," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-13, March.
    6. Yuliya Kulikova & Olga Babich & Anna Tsybina & Stanislav Sukhikh & Ivan Mokrushin & Svetlana Noskova & Nikolaj Orlov, 2022. "Feasibility of Thermal Utilization of Primary and Secondary Sludge from a Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant in Kaliningrad City," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-14, August.

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