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A Novel Ground-Source Heat Pump with R744 and R1234ze as Refrigerants

Author

Listed:
  • Giuseppe Emmi

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy)

  • Sara Bordignon

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy)

  • Laura Carnieletto

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy)

  • Michele De Carli

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy)

  • Fabio Poletto

    (HiRef S.p.A., 35020 Tribano, Padova, Italy)

  • Andrea Tarabotti

    (HiRef S.p.A., 35020 Tribano, Padova, Italy)

  • Davide Poletto

    (UNESCO Regional Bureau for Science and Culture in Europe-Science Unit (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), 30122 Venice, Italy)

  • Antonio Galgaro

    (Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy)

  • Giulia Mezzasalma

    (R.E.D. Srl (Research and Environmental Devices), 35129 Padova, Italy)

  • Adriana Bernardi

    (National Research Council, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, 35127 Padova, Italy)

Abstract

The energy-saving potential of heat pump technology is widely recognized in the building sector. In retrofit applications, especially in old and historic buildings, it may be difficult to replace the existing distribution and high-temperature emission systems. Often, historical buildings, especially the listed ones, cannot be thermally insulated; this leads to high temperatures of the heat carrier fluid for heating. In these cases, the main limits are related, on the one hand, to the reaching of the required temperatures, and on the other hand, to the obtaining of good performance even at high temperatures. To address these problems, a suitable solution can be a two-stage heat pump. In this work, a novel concept of a two-stage heat pump is proposed, based on a transcritical cycle that uses the natural fluid R744 (carbon dioxide) with an ejector system. The second refrigerant present in the heat pump and used for the high-temperature stage is the R1234ze, which is an HFO (hydrofluoro-olefin) fluid. This work aims to present the effective energy performance based on real data obtained in operating conditions in a monitoring campaign. The heat pump prototype used in this application is part of the H2020 Cheap-GSHP project, which was concluded in 2019.

Suggested Citation

  • Giuseppe Emmi & Sara Bordignon & Laura Carnieletto & Michele De Carli & Fabio Poletto & Andrea Tarabotti & Davide Poletto & Antonio Galgaro & Giulia Mezzasalma & Adriana Bernardi, 2020. "A Novel Ground-Source Heat Pump with R744 and R1234ze as Refrigerants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:21:p:5654-:d:436635
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Bartosz Gil & Anna Szczepanowska & Sabina Rosiek, 2021. "New HFC/HFO Blends as Refrigerants for the Vapor-Compression Refrigeration System (VCRS)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-23, February.
    2. Davide Menegazzo & Giulia Lombardo & Sergio Bobbo & Michele De Carli & Laura Fedele, 2022. "State of the Art, Perspective and Obstacles of Ground-Source Heat Pump Technology in the European Building Sector: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-25, April.

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