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Energy Supply Potentials in the Northern Counties of Finland, Norway and Sweden towards Sustainable Nordic Electricity and Heating Sectors: A Review

Author

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  • Robert Fischer

    (Energy Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden)

  • Erik Elfgren

    (Energy Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden)

  • Andrea Toffolo

    (Energy Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden)

Abstract

The lands in the northernmost corner of Europe present contradictory aspects in their social and economic development. Urban settlements are relatively few and small-sized, but rich natural resources (minerals, forests, rivers) attract energy-intensive industries. Energy demand is increasing as a result of new investments in mining and industries, while reliable energy supply is threatened by the planned phase out of Swedish nuclear power, the growth of intermittent power supplies and the need to reduce fossil fuel consumption, especially in the Finnish and Norwegian energy sectors. Given these challenges, this paper investigates the potentials of so far unexploited energy resources in the northern counties of Finland, Norway and Sweden by comparing and critically analyzing data from statistic databases, governmental reports, official websites, research projects and academic publications. The criteria for the technical and economic definition of potentials are discussed separately for each resource. It is concluded that, despite the factors that reduce the theoretical potentials, significant sustainable techno-economic potentials exist for most of the resources, providing important insights about the possible strategies to contribute to a positive socio-economic development in the considered regions.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Fischer & Erik Elfgren & Andrea Toffolo, 2018. "Energy Supply Potentials in the Northern Counties of Finland, Norway and Sweden towards Sustainable Nordic Electricity and Heating Sectors: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-31, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:751-:d:138165
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Steven Rose & Elmar Kriegler & Ruben Bibas & Katherine Calvin & Alexander Popp & Detlef Vuuren & John Weyant, 2014. "Bioenergy in energy transformation and climate management," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 123(3), pages 477-493, April.
    2. Grabbe, Mårten & Lalander, Emilia & Lundin, Staffan & Leijon, Mats, 2009. "A review of the tidal current energy resource in Norway," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(8), pages 1898-1909, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nam, Hoseok, 2020. "Impact of nuclear phase-out policy and energy balance in 2029 based on the 8th Basic Plan for long-term electricity supply and demand in South Korea," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    2. Elżbieta Kacperska & Katarzyna Łukasiewicz & Piotr Pietrzak, 2021. "Use of Renewable Energy Sources in the European Union and the Visegrad Group Countries—Results of Cluster Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-17, September.
    3. Jakub Kraciuk & Elżbieta Kacperska & Katarzyna Łukasiewicz & Piotr Pietrzak, 2022. "Innovative Energy Technologies in Road Transport in Selected EU Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-18, August.
    4. Nikolay Tsvetkov & Stanislav Boldyryev & Aleksandr Shilin & Yuriy Krivoshein & Aleksandr Tolstykh, 2022. "Hardware and Software Implementation for Solar Hot Water System in Northern Regions of Russia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-18, February.
    5. Frauke Urban & Johan Nordensvärd, 2018. "Low Carbon Energy Transitions in the Nordic Countries: Evidence from the Environmental Kuznets Curve," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, August.

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