IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v10y2017i10p1599-d114890.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Sensitivity Analysis to Control the Far-Wake Unsteadiness Behind Turbines

Author

Listed:
  • Esteban Ferrer

    (ETSIAE (School of Aeronautics)—Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Pza Cardenal Cisneros 3, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
    Center for Computational Simulation—Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Boadilla del Monte, E-28660 Madrid, Spain)

  • Oliver M.F. Browne

    (Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA)

  • Eusebio Valero

    (ETSIAE (School of Aeronautics)—Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Pza Cardenal Cisneros 3, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
    Center for Computational Simulation—Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Boadilla del Monte, E-28660 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

We explore the stability of wakes arising from 2D flow actuators based on linear momentum actuator disc theory. We use stability and sensitivity analysis (using adjoints) to show that the wake stability is controlled by the Reynolds number and the thrust force (or flow resistance) applied through the turbine. First, we report that decreasing the thrust force has a comparable stabilising effect to a decrease in Reynolds numbers (based on the turbine diameter). Second, a discrete sensitivity analysis identifies two regions for suitable placement of flow control forcing, one close to the turbines and one far downstream. Third, we show that adding a localised control force, in the regions identified by the sensitivity analysis, stabilises the wake. Particularly, locating the control forcing close to the turbines results in an enhanced stabilisation such that the wake remains steady for significantly higher Reynolds numbers or turbine thrusts. The analysis of the controlled flow fields confirms that modifying the velocity gradient close to the turbine is more efficient to stabilise the wake than controlling the wake far downstream. The analysis is performed for the first flow bifurcation (at low Reynolds numbers) which serves as a foundation of the stabilization technique but the control strategy is tested at higher Reynolds numbers in the final section of the paper, showing enhanced stability for a turbulent flow case.

Suggested Citation

  • Esteban Ferrer & Oliver M.F. Browne & Eusebio Valero, 2017. "Sensitivity Analysis to Control the Far-Wake Unsteadiness Behind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:10:p:1599-:d:114890
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/10/1599/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/10/1599/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. McAdam, R.A. & Houlsby, G.T. & Oldfield, M.L.G., 2013. "Experimental measurements of the hydrodynamic performance and structural loading of the transverse horizontal axis water turbine: Part 2," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 141-149.
    2. McAdam, R.A. & Houlsby, G.T. & Oldfield, M.L.G., 2013. "Experimental measurements of the hydrodynamic performance and structural loading of the Transverse Horizontal Axis Water Turbine: Part 1," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 105-114.
    3. Myers, L.E. & Bahaj, A.S., 2012. "An experimental investigation simulating flow effects in first generation marine current energy converter arrays," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 28-36.
    4. Minh Quan Duong & Francesco Grimaccia & Sonia Leva & Marco Mussetta & Kim Hung Le, 2015. "Improving Transient Stability in a Grid-Connected Squirrel-Cage Induction Generator Wind Turbine System Using a Fuzzy Logic Controller," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-22, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. De Cillis, Giovanni & Cherubini, Stefania & Semeraro, Onofrio & Leonardi, Stefano & De Palma, Pietro, 2022. "Stability and optimal forcing analysis of a wind turbine wake: Comparison with POD," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 765-785.
    2. David Bastine & Lukas Vollmer & Matthias Wächter & Joachim Peinke, 2018. "Stochastic Wake Modelling Based on POD Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-29, March.
    3. Yuquan Zhang & Jisheng Zhang & Yuan Zheng & Chunxia Yang & Wei Zang & E. Fernandez-Rodriguez, 2017. "Experimental Analysis and Evaluation of the Numerical Prediction of Wake Characteristics of Tidal Stream Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Manuel Viqueira-Moreira & Esteban Ferrer, 2020. "Insights into the Aeroacoustic Noise Generation for Vertical Axis Turbines in Close Proximity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-18, August.
    5. Zhenzhou Shao & Ying Wu & Li Li & Shuang Han & Yongqian Liu, 2019. "Multiple Wind Turbine Wakes Modeling Considering the Faster Wake Recovery in Overlapped Wakes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-14, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kinsey, Thomas & Dumas, Guy, 2017. "Impact of channel blockage on the performance of axial and cross-flow hydrokinetic turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 239-254.
    2. Benchikh Le Hocine, Alla Eddine & Jay Lacey, R.W. & Poncet, Sébastien, 2019. "Multiphase modeling of the free surface flow through a Darrieus horizontal axis shallow-water turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 1890-1901.
    3. Stringer, R.M. & Hillis, A.J. & Zang, J., 2016. "Numerical investigation of laboratory tested cross-flow tidal turbines and Reynolds number scaling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 1316-1327.
    4. Hand, Brian & Kelly, Ger & Cashman, Andrew, 2021. "Aerodynamic design and performance parameters of a lift-type vertical axis wind turbine: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    5. McAdam, R.A. & Houlsby, G.T. & Oldfield, M.L.G., 2013. "Experimental measurements of the hydrodynamic performance and structural loading of the Transverse Horizontal Axis Water Turbine: Part 3," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 82-91.
    6. Bakhshandeh Rostami, Ali & Fernandes, Antonio Carlos, 2015. "The effect of inertia and flap on autorotation applied for hydrokinetic energy harvesting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 312-323.
    7. Guanghao Li & Guoying Wu & Lei Tan & Honggang Fan, 2023. "A Review: Design and Optimization Approaches of the Darrieus Water Turbine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-28, July.
    8. Li, Gang & Zhu, Weidong, 2023. "Tidal current energy harvesting technologies: A review of current status and life cycle assessment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    9. Nash, S. & Phoenix, A., 2017. "A review of the current understanding of the hydro-environmental impacts of energy removal by tidal turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 648-662.
    10. Fairley, I. & Masters, I. & Karunarathna, H., 2015. "The cumulative impact of tidal stream turbine arrays on sediment transport in the Pentland Firth," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 755-769.
    11. Stephen Nash & Agnieszka I. Olbert & Michael Hartnett, 2015. "Towards a Low-Cost Modelling System for Optimising the Layout of Tidal Turbine Arrays," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-19, November.
    12. Ahmadian, Reza & Falconer, Roger A., 2012. "Assessment of array shape of tidal stream turbines on hydro-environmental impacts and power output," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 318-327.
    13. Fallon, D. & Hartnett, M. & Olbert, A. & Nash, S., 2014. "The effects of array configuration on the hydro-environmental impacts of tidal turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 10-25.
    14. Zangiabadi, E. & Masters, I. & Williams, Alison J. & Croft, T.N. & Malki, R. & Edmunds, M. & Mason-Jones, A. & Horsfall, I., 2017. "Computational prediction of pressure change in the vicinity of tidal stream turbines and the consequences for fish survival rate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 1141-1156.
    15. Jin Liu & Wenxiang Zhao & Jinghua Ji & Guohai Liu & Tao Tao, 2016. "A Novel Flux Focusing Magnetically Geared Machine with Reduced Eddy Current Loss," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-15, November.
    16. Bahaj, A.S. & Myers, L.E., 2013. "Shaping array design of marine current energy converters through scaled experimental analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 83-94.
    17. Guillou, Nicolas & Thiébot, Jérôme, 2016. "The impact of seabed rock roughness on tidal stream power extraction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 762-773.
    18. Ukashatu Abubakar & Saad Mekhilef & Hazlie Mokhlis & Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Ben Horan & Alex Stojcevski & Hussain Bassi & Muhyaddin Jamal Hosin Rawa, 2018. "Transient Faults in Wind Energy Conversion Systems: Analysis, Modelling Methodologies and Remedies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-33, August.
    19. Li, Xiaorong & Li, Ming & Jordan, Laura-Beth & McLelland, Stuart & Parsons, Daniel R. & Amoudry, Laurent O. & Song, Qingyang & Comerford, Liam, 2019. "Modelling impacts of tidal stream turbines on surface waves," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 725-734.
    20. Edmunds, Matt & Williams, Alison J. & Masters, Ian & Banerjee, Arindam & VanZwieten, James H., 2020. "A spatially nonlinear generalised actuator disk model for the simulation of horizontal axis wind and tidal turbines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:10:p:1599-:d:114890. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.