IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v10y2016i1p4-d85910.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Modeling of a Photovoltaic-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station with Vehicle-to-Grid Implementation

Author

Listed:
  • Azhar Ul-Haq

    (DSIM, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
    College of E&ME, National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12 Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Carlo Cecati

    (DSIM, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Essam A. Al-Ammar

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

This paper is aimed at modelling of a distinct smart charging station for electric vehicles (EVs) that is suitable for DC quick EV charging while ensuring minimum stress on the power grid. Operation of the charging station is managed in such a way that it is either supplied by photovoltaic (PV) power or the power grid, and the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is also implemented for improving the stability of the grid during peak load hours. The PV interfaced DC/DC converter and grid interfaced DC/AC bidirectional converter share a DC bus. A smooth transition of one operating mode to another demonstrates the effectiveness of the employed control strategy. Modelling and control of the different components are explained and are implemented in Simulink. Simulations illustrate the feasible behaviour of the charging station under all operating modes in terms of the four-way interaction among PV, EVs and the grid along with V2G operation. Additionally, a business model is discussed with comprehensive analysis of cost estimation for the deployment of charging facilities in a residential area. It has been recognized that EVs bring new opportunities in terms of providing regulation services and consumption flexibility by varying the recharging power at a certain time instant. The paper also discusses the potential financial incentives required to inspire EV owners for active participation in the demand response mechanism.

Suggested Citation

  • Azhar Ul-Haq & Carlo Cecati & Essam A. Al-Ammar, 2016. "Modeling of a Photovoltaic-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station with Vehicle-to-Grid Implementation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-20, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2016:i:1:p:4-:d:85910
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/1/4/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/1/4/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fredrik Carlsson & Olof Johansson-Stenman, 2003. "Costs and Benefits of Electric Vehicles," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, University of Bath, vol. 37(1), pages 1-28, January.
    2. Chandra Mouli, G.R. & Bauer, P. & Zeman, M., 2016. "System design for a solar powered electric vehicle charging station for workplaces," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 434-443.
    3. Verma, Deepak & Nema, Savita & Shandilya, A.M. & Dash, Soubhagya K., 2016. "Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques: Recapitulation in solar photovoltaic systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1018-1034.
    4. Christine Brandstätt & Gert Brunekreeft & Nele Friedrichsen, 2011. "Locational signals to reduce network investments in smart distribution grids: what works and what not?," Bremen Energy Working Papers 0007, Bremen Energy Research.
    5. Brandstätt, Christine & Brunekreeft, Gert & Friedrichsen, Nele, 2011. "Locational signals to reduce network investments in smart distribution grids: What works and what not?," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 244-254.
    6. Dallinger, David & Wietschel, Martin, 2011. "Grid integration of intermittent renewable energy sources using price-responsive plug-in electric vehicles," Working Papers "Sustainability and Innovation" S7/2011, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI).
    7. Tulpule, Pinak J. & Marano, Vincenzo & Yurkovich, Stephen & Rizzoni, Giorgio, 2013. "Economic and environmental impacts of a PV powered workplace parking garage charging station," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 323-332.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Fatemeh Nasr Esfahani & Ahmed Darwish & Barry W. Williams, 2022. "Power Converter Topologies for Grid-Tied Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Powered Electric Vehicles (EVs)—A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-28, June.
    2. Bernhard Faessler & Michael Schuler & Markus Preißinger & Peter Kepplinger, 2017. "Battery Storage Systems as Grid-Balancing Measure in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids with Distributed Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Rayhane Koubaa & Yeliz Yoldas & Selcuk Goren & Lotfi Krichen & Ahmet Onen, 2021. "Implementation of cost benefit analysis of vehicle to grid coupled real Micro-Grid by considering battery energy wear: Practical study case," Energy & Environment, , vol. 32(7), pages 1292-1314, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Simon Steinschaden & José Baptista, 2020. "Development of an Efficient Tool for Solar Charging Station Management for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-21, June.
    2. Palovic, Martin, 2022. "Administrative congestion management meets electricity network regulation: Aligning incentives between the renewable generators and network operator," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    3. Deshmukh, Swaraj Sanjay & Pearce, Joshua M., 2021. "Electric vehicle charging potential from retail parking lot solar photovoltaic awnings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 608-617.
    4. Felten, Björn & Weber, Christoph, 2018. "The value(s) of flexible heat pumps – Assessment of technical and economic conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1292-1319.
    5. Yap, Kah Yung & Chin, Hon Huin & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, 2022. "Solar Energy-Powered Battery Electric Vehicle charging stations: Current development and future prospect review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    6. Meletiou, Alexis & Cambini, Carlo & Masera, Marcelo, 2018. "Regulatory and ownership determinants of unbundling regime choice for European electricity transmission utilities," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 13-25.
    7. Katrin Schmitz & Christoph Weber, 2013. "Does One Design Fit All? On The Transferability Of The PJM Market Design To The German Electricity Market," EWL Working Papers 1302, University of Duisburg-Essen, Chair for Management Science and Energy Economics, revised Apr 2013.
    8. Dupont, B. & De Jonghe, C. & Olmos, L. & Belmans, R., 2014. "Demand response with locational dynamic pricing to support the integration of renewables," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 344-354.
    9. Shepero, Mahmoud & Munkhammar, Joakim & Widén, Joakim & Bishop, Justin D.K. & Boström, Tobias, 2018. "Modeling of photovoltaic power generation and electric vehicles charging on city-scale: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 61-71.
    10. Muratori, Matteo & Elgqvist, Emma & Cutler, Dylan & Eichman, Joshua & Salisbury, Shawn & Fuller, Zachary & Smart, John, 2019. "Technology solutions to mitigate electricity cost for electric vehicle DC fast charging," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 415-423.
    11. Eltoumi, Fouad M. & Becherif, Mohamed & Djerdir, Abdesslem & Ramadan, Haitham.S., 2021. "The key issues of electric vehicle charging via hybrid power sources: Techno-economic viability, analysis, and recommendations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    12. Hoarau, Quentin & Perez, Yannick, 2018. "Interactions between electric mobility and photovoltaic generation: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 510-522.
    13. Benedetto Aluisio & Maria Dicorato & Imma Ferrini & Giuseppe Forte & Roberto Sbrizzai & Michele Trovato, 2019. "Optimal Sizing Procedure for Electric Vehicle Supply Infrastructure Based on DC Microgrid with Station Commitment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-19, May.
    14. Buchmann, Marius, 2017. "The need for competition between decentralized governance approaches for data exchange in smart electricity grids—Fiscal federalism vs. polycentric governance," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 106-117.
    15. Bjoern Felten & Jessica Raasch & Christoph Weber, 2017. "Photovoltaics and Heat Pumps - Limitations of Local Pricing Mechanisms," EWL Working Papers 1702, University of Duisburg-Essen, Chair for Management Science and Energy Economics, revised Feb 2017.
    16. Shubham Mishra & Shrey Verma & Subhankar Chowdhury & Ambar Gaur & Subhashree Mohapatra & Gaurav Dwivedi & Puneet Verma, 2021. "A Comprehensive Review on Developments in Electric Vehicle Charging Station Infrastructure and Present Scenario of India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-20, February.
    17. Banez-Chicharro, Fernando & Olmos, Luis & Ramos, Andres & Latorre, Jesus M., 2017. "Beneficiaries of transmission expansion projects of an expansion plan: An Aumann-Shapley approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 382-401.
    18. Ramos, Ariana & De Jonghe, Cedric & Gómez, Virginia & Belmans, Ronnie, 2016. "Realizing the smart grid's potential: Defining local markets for flexibility," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 26-35.
    19. Wolfgang Buchholz & Jonas Frank & Hans-Dieter Karl & Johannes Pfeiffer & Karen Pittel & Ursula Triebswetter & Jochen Habermann & Wolfgang Mauch & Thomas Staudacher, 2012. "Die Zukunft der Energiemärkte: Ökonomische Analyse und Bewertung von Potenzialen und Handlungsmöglichkeiten," ifo Forschungsberichte, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 57, October.
    20. Marius Buchmann, 2016. "Information Management in Smart Grids - the need for decentralized governance approaches," Bremen Energy Working Papers 0025, Bremen Energy Research.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2016:i:1:p:4-:d:85910. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.