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Durum Wheat Quality, Yield and Sanitary Status under Conservation Agriculture

Author

Listed:
  • Francesco Calzarano

    (Faculty of Bioscience and Technologies for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 62021 Teramo, Italy)

  • Fabio Stagnari

    (Faculty of Bioscience and Technologies for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 62021 Teramo, Italy)

  • Sara D’Egidio

    (Faculty of Bioscience and Technologies for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 62021 Teramo, Italy)

  • Giancarlo Pagnani

    (Faculty of Bioscience and Technologies for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 62021 Teramo, Italy)

  • Angelica Galieni

    (Faculty of Bioscience and Technologies for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 62021 Teramo, Italy
    Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Research Centre, 63077 Monsampolo del Tronto (AP), Italy)

  • Stefano Di Marco

    (CNR, IBIMET, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • Elisa Giorgia Metruccio

    (CNR, IBIMET, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • Michele Pisante

    (Faculty of Bioscience and Technologies for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 62021 Teramo, Italy)

Abstract

In Mediterranean environments the adoption of Conservation Agriculture (CA) would allow growers to achieve environmental, agronomic and economic sustainability. We investigated the effect of different combination of crop establishment treatments and crop sequence (conventional tillage (CT) and durum wheat monocropping (WW); conventional tillage (CT) and durum wheat following faba beans (WF); zero tillage (ZT) and durum wheat monocropping (WW); zero tillage (ZF) and durum wheat following faba beans (WF) on yield, grain quality traits as well as on disease incidence and severity in durum wheat (var. Saragolla). The results of two years of data of a long-term experiment (seven-year experiment; split-plot design) are discussed. The CA approach (ZT + WF), which always induced the highest grain yields (6.1 t ha −1 and 3.3 t ha −1 in 2016 and 2017) thanks to an increased number of spikes m −2 (296 vs. 269 and 303 vs. 287 spikes m −2 in 2016 and 2017, respectively) as well as a more pronounced ear length, demonstrated significantly positive influences in terms of grain quality. It promoted grain protein accumulation (12.1% for ZT + WF vs. 11.4% for ZT + WW and 12.4% for ZT + WF vs. 10.6% for ZT + WW in 2016 and 2017) and improved the gluten quality (in terms of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) sedimentation test) and colour of the grain. The abundance of crop residues determined a higher incidence and severity of Zymoseptoria tritici leaf symptoms under the CA system; nevertheless, the late appearance of infection was the main reason for not affecting yield and quality traits. The presence of faba beans (WF) in the rotation significantly reduced leaf symptoms in Z. tritici .

Suggested Citation

  • Francesco Calzarano & Fabio Stagnari & Sara D’Egidio & Giancarlo Pagnani & Angelica Galieni & Stefano Di Marco & Elisa Giorgia Metruccio & Michele Pisante, 2018. "Durum Wheat Quality, Yield and Sanitary Status under Conservation Agriculture," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:8:y:2018:i:9:p:140-:d:168618
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Knowler, Duncan & Bradshaw, Ben, 2007. "Farmers' adoption of conservation agriculture: A review and synthesis of recent research," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 25-48, February.
    2. David S. Powlson & Clare M. Stirling & M. L. Jat & Bruno G. Gerard & Cheryl A. Palm & Pedro A. Sanchez & Kenneth G. Cassman, 2014. "Limited potential of no-till agriculture for climate change mitigation," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 4(8), pages 678-683, August.
    3. Cameron M. Pittelkow & Xinqiang Liang & Bruce A. Linquist & Kees Jan van Groenigen & Juhwan Lee & Mark E. Lundy & Natasja van Gestel & Johan Six & Rodney T. Venterea & Chris van Kessel, 2015. "Productivity limits and potentials of the principles of conservation agriculture," Nature, Nature, vol. 517(7534), pages 365-368, January.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Dorota Gawęda & Małgorzata Haliniarz & Urszula Bronowicka-Mielniczuk & Justyna Łukasz, 2020. "Weed Infestation and Health of the Soybean Crop Depending on Cropping System and Tillage System," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-20, June.
    4. Imene Kerbouai & Dorra Sfayhi & Khaled Sassi & Hatem Cheikh M’hamed & Houda Jenfaoui & Jouhaina Riahi & Slim Arfaoui & Moncef Chouaibi & Hanen Ben Ismail, 2023. "Influence of Conservation Agriculture on Durum Wheat Grain, Dough Texture Profile and Pasta Quality in a Mediterranean Region," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, April.
    5. Karima Djouadi & Arezki Mekliche & Sonia Dahmani & Nadia Insaf Ladjiar & Yasmine Abid & Zakaria Silarbi & Abdelmadjid Hamadache & Michele Pisante, 2021. "Durum Wheat Yield and Grain Quality in Early Transition from Conventional to Conservation Tillage in Semi-Arid Mediterranean Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-14, July.
    6. Dorota Gawęda & Małgorzata Haliniarz, 2021. "Grain Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat Depending on Previous Crop and Tillage System," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-16, February.

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