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Traffic jams and the congestion toll

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  • Mun, Se-il

Abstract

The theory of congestion tolls, in particular, the traffic jam, is developed. A dynamic model of traffic flow is presented that describes the formation and development of the traffic jam based on the theory of kinematic waves. I demonstrate the dynamic externality present when traffic is jammed. Furthermore, I obtained some results that differ from those based on the conventional approach: (a) the cost curve for travel on a long road does not include the backward-bending section that appears in the conventional approach; (b) I allow for traffic jams during optimal use of road.

Suggested Citation

  • Mun, Se-il, 1994. "Traffic jams and the congestion toll," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 28(5), pages 365-375, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transb:v:28:y:1994:i:5:p:365-375
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    Cited by:

    1. Yang, Hai & Meng, Qiang, 1998. "Departure time, route choice and congestion toll in a queuing network with elastic demand," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 247-260, May.
    2. Demir, Emrah & Huang, Yuan & Scholts, Sebastiaan & Van Woensel, Tom, 2015. "A selected review on the negative externalities of the freight transportation: Modeling and pricing," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 95-114.
    3. Kobayashi, Kiyoshi & Do, Myungsik, 2005. "The informational impacts of congestion tolls upon route traffic demands," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 39(7-9), pages 651-670.
    4. Kenneth A. Small & Xuehao Chu, 2003. "Hypercongestion," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, University of Bath, vol. 37(3), pages 319-352, September.
    5. Mun, Se-il, 1999. "Peak-Load Pricing of a Bottleneck with Traffic Jam," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(3), pages 323-349, November.
    6. Ian W.H. Parry, 2009. "Pricing Urban Congestion," Annual Review of Resource Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 1(1), pages 461-484, September.
    7. Verhoef, Erik T., 2020. "Optimal congestion pricing with diverging long-run and short-run scheduling preferences," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 191-209.
    8. O'Dea, William P., 2006. "An Economic Analysis of Construction Bottlenecks," 47th Annual Transportation Research Forum, New York, New York, March 23-25, 2006 208045, Transportation Research Forum.
    9. Yang, Hai & Huang, Hai-Jun, 1998. "Principle of marginal-cost pricing: how does it work in a general road network?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 45-54, January.
    10. Bao, Yue & Verhoef, Erik T. & Koster, Paul, 2021. "Leaving the tub: The nature and dynamics of hypercongestion in a bathtub model with a restricted downstream exit," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    11. Yang, Hai & Hai-Jun, Huang, 1997. "Analysis of the time-varying pricing of a bottleneck with elastic demand using optimal control theory," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 425-440, November.
    12. Verhoef, Erik T., 2001. "An Integrated Dynamic Model of Road Traffic Congestion Based on Simple Car-Following Theory: Exploring Hypercongestion," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(3), pages 505-542, May.
    13. Verhoef, Erik T., 1999. "Time, speeds, flows and densities in static models of road traffic congestion and congestion pricing," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 341-369, May.
    14. Lehe, Lewis J. & Pandey, Ayush, 2020. "Hyperdemand: A static traffic model with backward-bending demand curves," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 24(C).
    15. Jávor, A & Szűcs, G, 1998. "Simulation and optimization of urban traffic using AI1This work was partly sponsored by the COPERNICUS project `PATRIC' and partly by the National Scientific Research Fund. Contract number: T 022786.1," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 13-21.
    16. Gonzales, Eric J., 2016. "Demand responsive transit systems with time-dependent demand: User equilibrium, system optimum, and management strategyAuthor-Name: Amirgholy, Mahyar," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 92(PB), pages 234-252.

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