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Advanced fault detection, diagnosis and prognosis in HVAC systems: Lifecycle insight, key challenges, and promising approaches

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  • Wang, Zhanwei
  • Qin, Yijie
  • Kong, Yifan
  • Wang, Lin
  • Leng, Qiang
  • Zhang, Chunxiao

Abstract

Building energy consumption constitutes a significant portion of global energy use, with heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems being the dominant contributors. Advanced fault detection, diagnosis, and prognosis (FDD&P) techniques are vital for enabling low-carbon, efficient, and energy-saving HVAC operations while enhancing intelligent system management. From a problem-oriented perspective, this paper provides a comprehensive review of current research on FDD&P applications in the HVAC field. Three critical scientific questions are highlighted for future exploration: (i) How can the “spatiotemporal dimensionality” of FDD&P be effectively addressed? (ii) What are the key challenges constraining FDD&P applications? (iii) What constitute the promising approaches?

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Zhanwei & Qin, Yijie & Kong, Yifan & Wang, Lin & Leng, Qiang & Zhang, Chunxiao, 2025. "Advanced fault detection, diagnosis and prognosis in HVAC systems: Lifecycle insight, key challenges, and promising approaches," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:219:y:2025:i:c:s1364032125005404
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.115867
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