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Feasibility of dry cooling in supercritical CO2 power cycle in concentrated solar power application: Review and a case study

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  • Ehsan, M. Monjurul
  • Guan, Zhiqiang
  • Gurgenci, Hal
  • Klimenko, Alexander

Abstract

Past research intensely stressed the application of supercritical CO2 (sCO2) in power cycles for large-scale electricity generation in the near future by adapting decarbonization policy with clean energy technologies. The prominent closed-loop sCO2 Brayton cycle has all the potential for the future power generation over the traditional superheated/supercritical Rankine cycle for concentrated solar power applications. Using sCO2 as a working fluid has been preferred as one of the most efficient and environmentally safe alternatives over the traditional refrigerants and other working fluids. While the thermodynamic analysis of sCO2 cycles has been in a great number of recent studies, its particular advantages when coupled with dry cooling have not been adequately analyzed. The sCO2 power cycle efficiency is highly influenced by the cycle lowest temperature, hence cooling system design significantly impacts the cycle performance. In the present work, the applicability and the potential benefits of the dry cooling system are demonstrated for sCO2 cycles over the traditional Rankine cycle. The detailed thermodynamic modelling of the dry cooling system is presented. Research studies on dry cooled sCO2 power cycles are reviewed with their major findings. Various techniques are identified from the literature to compensate for the efficiency degradation of the power cycle during high ambient temperature. The implementation of the extremum seeking controller, the hybrid cooling, and the radiative cooling option certainly can improve the cycle performance at the off-design condition. A thermodynamic analysis is performed to design the cooling tower for recompression and the partial cooling cycles. The nodal approach adapted in the present work allows predicting the radical variation of transport properties inside the tubes of the heat exchanger. The towers are designed based on the optimum operating condition of the power cycle. The cycle performance is investigated with the variation sCO2 entrance temperature into the cooling system and the ambient temperature. This case study shows a pathway in designing the cooling system for sCO2 power cycles. This review work highly emphasizes the potential benefits of dry cooling in sCO2 power cycles and presents the cooling system design methodology for efficient cycle operation.

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  • Ehsan, M. Monjurul & Guan, Zhiqiang & Gurgenci, Hal & Klimenko, Alexander, 2020. "Feasibility of dry cooling in supercritical CO2 power cycle in concentrated solar power application: Review and a case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:132:y:2020:i:c:s1364032120303464
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110055
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    2. Lozano-Santamaria, Federico & Luceño, José A. & Martín, Mariano & Macchietto, Sandro, 2020. "Stochastic modelling of sandstorms affecting the optimal operation and cleaning scheduling of air coolers in concentrated solar power plants," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    3. Yu Qiu & Erqi E & Qing Li, 2023. "Triple-Objective Optimization of SCO 2 Brayton Cycles for Next-Generation Solar Power Tower," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-19, July.
    4. Aqeel Ahmad Taimoor & Usman Saeed & Sami-ullah Rather & Saad Al-Shahrani & Hisham S. Bamufleh & Hesham Alhumade & Aliyu Adebayo Sulaimon & Walid M. Alalayah & Azmi Mohd Shariff, 2022. "Economic and Technical Analysis of a Hybrid Dry Cooling Cycle to Replace Conventional Wet Cooling Towers for High Process Cooling Loads," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-17, October.
    5. Xu, Zhen & Liu, Xinxin & Xie, Yingchun, 2023. "Off-design performances of a dry-cooled supercritical recompression Brayton cycle using CO2–H2S as working fluid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    6. Yuan, Liyuan & Zhu, Qunzhi & Zhang, Tao & Duan, Rui & Zhu, Haitao, 2021. "Performance evaluation of a co-production system of solar thermal power generation and seawater desalination," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 1121-1133.

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